In the hadith (I am innocent of the one who dies among the polytheists), is it evidence that he died as a disbeliever?
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Question:
Honorable Shaykh, may Allah grant you success. Regarding the hadith of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) that he said, "I am innocent of the one who dies among the polytheists or the disbelievers," he asks: Is this evidence that the one who dies in the lands of the disbelievers is not a Muslim?
Answer:
If he is able to migrate, this applies to the one who is able to migrate but did not. As for the one who is not able to migrate, he is excused.[An-Nisa 4:97] meaning non-migrants, [An-Nisa 4:97]? What country are you in now? A rebuke, [An-Nisa 4:97] [An-Nisa 4:97] This is a severe warning because a group of Muslims in Makkah was the cause of the revelation of the verse; a group of Muslims in Makkah were forcibly taken out by the polytheists to Badr to fight with them.
They took them out to Badr to fight alongside them, so Allah rebuked them: Why did you remain in Makkah when you were able to migrate, until what happened to you from the polytheists occurred? This is a warning.
Honorable Shaykh, may Allah grant you success. Regarding the hadith of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) that he said, "I am innocent of the one who dies among the polytheists or the disbelievers," he asks: Is this evidence that the one who dies in the lands of the disbelievers is not a Muslim?
Answer:
If he is able to migrate, this applies to the one who is able to migrate but did not. As for the one who is not able to migrate, he is excused.
Indeed, those whom the angels take [in death] while wronging themselves
إِنَّ الَّذِينَ تَوَفَّاهُمُ الْمَلَائِكَةُ ظَالِمِي أَنفُسِهِمْIn what [condition] were you?
قَالُوا فِيمَ كُنتُمْThey will say, "We were oppressed in
قَالُوا كُنَّا مُسْتَضْعَفِينَ فِيWas not the earth of Allah spacious [enough] for you to emigrate therein?" For those, their refuge is Hell - and evil it is as a destination.
أَلَمْ تَكُنْ أَرْضُ اللَّهِ وَاسِعَةً فَتُهَاجِرُوا فِيهَا فَأُولَٰئِكَ مَأْوَاهُمْ جَهَنَّمُ وَسَاءَتْ مَصِيرًاThey took them out to Badr to fight alongside them, so Allah rebuked them: Why did you remain in Makkah when you were able to migrate, until what happened to you from the polytheists occurred? This is a warning.
Source
قناة «العلامة الدكتور صالح الفوزان»، [2919 -3022] في الحديث (أنا بريء ممن مات بين ظهراني المشركين) هل هو دليل على أنه مات كافرا؟ — youtube.com
The Arabic text is a machine transcription of the audio recording.