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﴿ فَاسْأَلُوا أَهْلَ الذِّكْرِ إِن كُنتُمْ لَا تَعْلَمُونَ ﴾

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What is the ruling if I do not pray the midday prayer in congregation, since I work at night and return in the morning to sleep, and I do not wake up until?

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Question:
What is the ruling if I do not pray the midday prayer in congregation, and I am not present at its time? This happens most days, as I work at night and return in the morning to sleep, and I do not wake up until the call to the afternoon prayer, or shortly before it. Does the saying of the noble Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) apply to me, that whoever sleeps through a prayer or forgets it should pray it when he remembers it? Please inform us, may you be rewarded, may Allah reward you with good.

Answer:
This is negligence and is not permissible, because the prayer is a pillar of Islam. One does not pay attention to some of the five prayers and be lax about others, including the midday prayer. Rather, he must pray it in congregation, and in the mosque if there is a mosque near him where he can hear the call to prayer. Its time begins from the sun passing its zenith until shortly before the time of the afternoon prayer enters. If he prays it at any point during this time, he has performed it within its time, even if it is at the very end of the time. However, if he leaves the congregational prayer, he commits a sin by leaving the congregational prayer. As for his prayer itself, it is valid because he performed it within its time. He mentioned that he prays it before the afternoon prayer. If this is the case, and he prays it before the time of the afternoon prayer enters, then it is a valid prayer, but he commits a sin by leaving the congregational prayer, if he has a mosque, and there is a call to prayer and a congregation there. Yes. May Allah reward you with good.
Source قناة «العلامة الدكتور صالح الفوزان»، ما الحكم فيما إذا كنت لا أصلي الظهر جماعة حيث أنني أعمل ليلاً وأعود في الصباح وأنام ولا أصحوا حتى..؟ — youtube.com

The Arabic text is a machine transcription of the audio recording.

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