What is the ruling on fasting for the traveler, and if he breaks his fast, is he credited with what he used to do as a resident in good health?
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Question:
Honorable Shaykh, this questioner says: If a Muslim travels and his custom in his home country is to fast on Mondays and Thursdays, is it prescribed for him to fast them in the country he traveled to? Or does the hadith apply to him:Sahih al-Bukhari 2996 as a resident?
Answer:
If this does not burden him and he is eager to perform acts of obedience, then he fasts while traveling; he fasts while traveling the voluntary fast. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) used to fast while traveling, a voluntary fast, and Aisha, the Mother of the Believers, used to fast. So if he maintains his fasting and it does not burden him, that is an increase in good. But if the travel makes fasting burdensome for him, and leaving off the fast relieves the hardship, and he is eager for it, but the hardship prevented him, then he is credited with the reward of what he used to fast as a resident. Yes.
Honorable Shaykh, this questioner says: If a Muslim travels and his custom in his home country is to fast on Mondays and Thursdays, is it prescribed for him to fast them in the country he traveled to? Or does the hadith apply to him:
When a slave falls ill or travels, then he will get reward similar to that he gets for good deeds practiced at home when in good health.
إذا مرض العبد أو سافر كتب له ما كان يعمل صحيحاAnswer:
If this does not burden him and he is eager to perform acts of obedience, then he fasts while traveling; he fasts while traveling the voluntary fast. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) used to fast while traveling, a voluntary fast, and Aisha, the Mother of the Believers, used to fast. So if he maintains his fasting and it does not burden him, that is an increase in good. But if the travel makes fasting burdensome for him, and leaving off the fast relieves the hardship, and he is eager for it, but the hardship prevented him, then he is credited with the reward of what he used to fast as a resident. Yes.
Source
قناة «العلامة الدكتور صالح الفوزان»، ما حكم الصوم للمسافر، وهل إذا أفطر يكتب له مثل ما كان يعمل مقيما صحيحا؟ الشيخ صالح الفوزان — youtube.com
The Arabic text is a machine transcription of the audio recording.