The Method of Prostration for Forgetfulness

Question:
May Allah reward you with good, and may He do you good. Regarding the method of prostration for forgetfulness, tell us about it, may Allah grant you success?

Answer:
The method of prostration for forgetfulness, as reported in the hadiths, is when a person falls short in his prayer by leaving out the first tashahhud, or leaving out one of the takbirs of transition, or saying "Allahu akbar" instead of "Sami' Allahu li man hamidah." This is considered a deficiency in the prayer that is made up by the prostration for forgetfulness.
Second, if a person adds to his prayer out of forgetfulness, such as standing up for a fourth rak'ah in Maghrib, or a third in Fajr, or a fifth in a four-rak'ah prayer out of forgetfulness, then he must sit down if he realizes it or if it is pointed out to him. He must sit and perform the prostration for forgetfulness. If he does not realize it until after he has finished the extra rak'ah, he also performs the prostration for forgetfulness, and his prayer is valid. The third case is if he doubts the number of rak'ahs. In that case, he must build upon certainty, complete his prayer, and perform the prostration for forgetfulness. Yes.