When does jihad become an individual obligation?
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Question:
He says: I am a young man who wants to fight in the path of Allah, so when does jihad become an individual obligation? We ask the Honorable Shaykh to issue a ruling on this issue, and is it permissible for me to go to Iraq to fight, or
Answer:
Jihad becomes an individual obligation in three cases. The first case is when an enemy besieges his country; if an enemy besieges his country, and he is able to fight, then it is obligatory for him to defend his country, its sanctities, and the sanctity of the Muslims. The second case is when jihad is present, when fighting is present, then it is not permissible for him to flee from the battle. Allah the Exalted said:[Al-Anfal 8:15-16]. Fleeing from the battle is a major sin among the major sins.
The third issue: If the imam mobilizes him, or if the one in authority orders him to go on an expedition, it is obligatory for him to comply. This is based on the saying of Allah the Exalted:[At-Tawbah 9:38] when [At-Tawbah 9:38]? [At-Tawbah 9:38-39].
And he (peace and blessings be upon him) said:Sahih Muslim 1864
He says: I am a young man who wants to fight in the path of Allah, so when does jihad become an individual obligation? We ask the Honorable Shaykh to issue a ruling on this issue, and is it permissible for me to go to Iraq to fight, or
Answer:
Jihad becomes an individual obligation in three cases. The first case is when an enemy besieges his country; if an enemy besieges his country, and he is able to fight, then it is obligatory for him to defend his country, its sanctities, and the sanctity of the Muslims. The second case is when jihad is present, when fighting is present, then it is not permissible for him to flee from the battle. Allah the Exalted said:
(15) O you who have believed, when you meet those who disbelieve advancing [for battle], do not turn to them your backs [in flight]. (16) And whoever turns his back to them on such a day, unless swerving [as a strategy] for war or joining [another] company, has certainly returned with anger [upon him] from Allah, and his refuge is Hell - and wretched is the destination.
يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إِذَا لَقِيتُمُ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا زَحْفًا فَلَا تُوَلُّوهُمُ الْأَدْبَارَ وَمَن يُوَلِّهِمْ يَوْمَئِذٍ دُبُرَهُ إِلَّا مُتَحَرِّفًا لِّقِتَالٍ أَوْ مُتَحَيِّزًا إِلَىٰ فِئَةٍ فَقَدْ بَاءَ بِغَضَبٍ مِّنَ اللَّهِ وَمَأْوَاهُ جَهَنَّمُ وَبِئْسَ الْمَصِيرُThe third issue: If the imam mobilizes him, or if the one in authority orders him to go on an expedition, it is obligatory for him to comply. This is based on the saying of Allah the Exalted:
O you who have believed, what is [the matter] with you that, when you are told to go forth in the cause of Allah,
يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا مَا لَكُمْ إِذَا قِيلَ لَكُمُ انفِرُوا فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِyou adhere heavily to the earth? Are you satisfied with the life of this world rather than the Hereafter?
اثَّاقَلْتُمْ إِلَى الْأَرْضِ أَرَضِيتُم بِالْحَيَاةِ الدُّنْيَا مِنَ الْآخِرَةِBut what is the enjoyment of worldly life compared to the Hereafter except a [very] little. (39) If you do not go forth, He will punish you with a painful punishment and will replace you with another people, and you will not harm Him at all. And Allah is over all things competent.
فَمَا مَتَاعُ الْحَيَاةِ الدُّنْيَا فِي الْآخِرَةِ إِلَّا قَلِيلٌ إِلَّا تَنفِرُوا يُعَذِّبْكُمْ عَذَابًا أَلِيمًا وَيَسْتَبْدِلْ قَوْمًا غَيْرَكُمْ وَلَا تَضُرُّوهُ شَيْئًا وَاللَّهُ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرٌAnd he (peace and blessings be upon him) said:
There is no migration after the Conquest (of Mecca), but Jihad and sincere intention. When you are asked to set out (for the cause of Islam), you should set out,
لا هجرة بعد الفتح، ولكن جهاد ونية، وإذا استنفرتم فانفروا.
Source
قناة «العلامة الدكتور صالح الفوزان»، متى يكون الجهاد فرض عين؟ للشيخ صالح الفوزان — youtube.com
The Arabic text is a machine transcription of the audio recording.