What is the ruling on depositing money in banks without taking interest?
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Question:
He says: If I put my money in the bank without taking interest on it, but the bank deals in riba (usury or interest), is there a sin on me for that, because I do not want to leave these funds in the house?
Answer:
The issue of depositing for safekeeping only is permissible out of dire necessity, but you must not authorize them to invest it in riba. You must not authorize them to do that. You deposit it for safekeeping only as a trust and a deposit, and it is not permissible for them to use it because it is a deposit, and a deposit is kept as it is without being disposed of. So you deposit it for safekeeping so that it is not stolen, and this is permissible out of dire necessity. Yes.
He says: If I put my money in the bank without taking interest on it, but the bank deals in riba (usury or interest), is there a sin on me for that, because I do not want to leave these funds in the house?
Answer:
The issue of depositing for safekeeping only is permissible out of dire necessity, but you must not authorize them to invest it in riba. You must not authorize them to do that. You deposit it for safekeeping only as a trust and a deposit, and it is not permissible for them to use it because it is a deposit, and a deposit is kept as it is without being disposed of. So you deposit it for safekeeping so that it is not stolen, and this is permissible out of dire necessity. Yes.
Source
قناة «العلامة الدكتور صالح الفوزان»، ما حكم الإيداع في البنوك بدون أخذ فائدة؟ #فتاوى الفوزان — youtube.com
The Arabic text is a machine transcription of the audio recording.