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﴿ فَاسْأَلُوا أَهْلَ الذِّكْرِ إِن كُنتُمْ لَا تَعْلَمُونَ ﴾

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Is it obligatory to bequeath to the children of a deceased son, based on the statement: “Your fathers and your sons, you do not know which of them is nearer to you in benefit”?

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Question:
May Allah reward you. In his second question, he asks: What are the rulings and benefits of this noble verse
Your parents or your children - you know not which of them are nearest to you in benefitآبَاؤُكُمْ وَأَبْنَاؤُكُمْ لَا تَدْرُونَ أَيُّهُمْ أَقْرَبُ لَكُمْ نَفْعًا
[An-Nisa 4:11]
? Is it obligatory for a man to give something from his wealth to the son of his deceased son, based on the implication of this verse? Since his deceased son benefited him by gathering his wealth. I ask for guidance, as I have heard some students of knowledge say this.

Answer:
Inheritance is based on divine legislation and is executed exactly as Allah (Glorified and Exalted is He) has legislated it. Indeed, Allah (Glorified and Exalted is He) has given every person who has a right his due. Therefore, inheritance is executed as it came in the Book and the Sunnah, and every person is given his share. The meaning of His statement
you know not which of them are nearest to you in benefitلَا تَدْرُونَ أَيُّهُمْ أَقْرَبُ لَكُمْ نَفْعًا
[An-Nisa 4:11]
is a refutation of the people of the pre-Islamic age of ignorance (jahiliyyah), who did not bequeath to women or to young children, saying that these people do not benefit, do not ride horses, and do not defend the tribe or the clan, so they did not bequeath to them. Allah (Mighty and Majestic) invalidated this and legislated inheritance for males and females, young and old. Your fathers and your sons, yes.
Source قناة «العلامة الدكتور صالح الفوزان»، 5489- هل يلزم توريث أبناء الولد الميت لقوله: ﴿آباؤكم وأبناؤكم لا تدرون أيهم أقرب لكم نفعا﴾؟ — youtube.com

The Arabic text is a machine transcription of the audio recording.

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