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﴿ فَاسْأَلُوا أَهْلَ الذِّكْرِ إِن كُنتُمْ لَا تَعْلَمُونَ ﴾

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A vow to slaughter for one's companions and feed them, but they have separated and the distance between them has increased; how does one fulfill the vow?

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Question:
May Allah reward you and make your knowledge beneficial. The listener is 'Amir Salim Karimah from Hadramawt, Yemen. In his first question, he says: Last year, in our final year of high school, there was a discussion among some of the brothers that if Allah the Exalted grants us success in the graduation exams, I will prepare a lunch meal for some of my friends and family, and I mentioned a head of sheep to them. I have made a vow to do this, and I have the ability to fulfill it. Is it a condition that these brothers be present? We have since separated, and the distance between us has increased. Is it permissible for me to give it to my family only? Or what should I do? Is a large number required? Is there a specific number that constitutes fulfillment? Please answer us, may Allah reward you with good.

Answer:
This vow is a vow of the permissible (mubah). One is given the choice between fulfilling it and paying the expiation for an oath. This is a vow of the permissible, not a vow of the obligatory (wajib). Feeding your classmates, who are wealthy, is a permissible act. However, if you had said, "This slaughtered animal is for the poor; I vow that if I succeed, I will slaughter it and give its meat in charity to the poor," that would be a vow of the obligatory, and it must be fulfilled if one has the ability.
As for the case where those for whom you made the vow are wealthy companions, this is a vow of the permissible. If you wish to fulfill it, there is no harm. If you wish to pay the expiation for an oath, it is feeding ten poor people, or clothing them, or freeing a slave. If you cannot find the means to do so, you fast for three days. Yes.
Source قناة «العلامة الدكتور صالح الفوزان»، 5285- نذر أن يذبح لأصحابه ويطعمهم لكنهم افترقوا وبعدت المسافة بينهم فكيف يفي بنذره؟ - صالح الفوزان — youtube.com

The Arabic text is a machine transcription of the audio recording.

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