What necessitates making up fasts along with expiation, and what does not

Question:
The first message in this episode is from one of the female listeners who used the code name Farashin. She asks and says: I have a friend who gave birth to a daughter on the fifth of Ramadan, and she did not fast until the end of the month, naturally. So she asks you, Honorable Shaykh Salih: Is she required to make up the fasts along with expiation, or is making up the fasts sufficient? May Allah reward you with good.

Answer:
In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. All praise is due to Allah, Lord of the worlds, and may Allah send prayers and blessings upon our Prophet Muhammad, and upon his family and his Companions. To proceed: If a man or a woman leaves days of Ramadan without fasting them, whether for an excuse or without an excuse, it is obligatory for him to make them up. However, if he left them without an excuse, it is obligatory for him, in addition to making them up, to repent to Allah (Glorified and Exalted is He). If he left them for an excuse, such as illness, travel, or for a woman menstruation or post-natal bleeding, then there is no sin on him, but it is obligatory to make them up, due to the saying of Allah (Glorified and Exalted is He): "And whoever is ". If the making up is delayed until after another Ramadan or more, without an excuse, then it is obligatory, in addition to making them up, to feed a poor person for each day as expiation for the delay. As for if the delay until after another Ramadan is due to an excuse that prevented him from making them up, then he makes them up and there is no expiation on him. Yes.