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﴿ فَاسْأَلُوا أَهْلَ الذِّكْرِ إِن كُنتُمْ لَا تَعْلَمُونَ ﴾

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If one dies with days of Ramadan remaining, are they made up on his behalf?

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Question : This is a questioner who used a code name from the Eastern Region. He says: A person died with days of Ramadan remaining. He was healthy and well, but he neglected to make them up. So, should they be fasted on his behalf?

Answer : Praise be to Allah, Lord of the worlds, and I send prayers and peace upon our Prophet Muhammad, and upon his family and his Companions, and upon those who follow them in excellence until the Day of Judgment. This is the case of the one who had fasting from Ramadan upon him, but he neglected it.
By making it up. If we know that the man left it off absolutely, and it was not his intention to make it up, then it is not made up on his behalf. That is because he left it off, and it does not benefit him for someone else to make it up on his behalf, and he is not the one making it up by this act of making it up. But his case is left to Allah the Mighty and Majestic: will he be a disbeliever who remains in the Fire forever, or will he not remain in the Fire forever? Because if he left off the making up out of denial of its obligation, then he is a disbeliever. Yes. Whoever denies the obligation of something from the obligatory acts that are known from the religion by necessity is a disbeliever. But if he left it off out of negligence, saying, "I will make it up tomorrow, I will make it up tomorrow," and the like, then it is made up on his behalf. But he becomes deserving of punishment for his negligence, if his death occurred after the making up became obligatory upon him. The making up becomes obligatory only if there remains in Sha'ban an amount equal to the days remaining upon him. But if he died before that, he does not sin, because the time for making it up is extended until there is between him and the second Ramadan an amount equal to what he owed from the past Ramadan. In summary, and in summary of the answer, we say: If one dies with fasting upon him, and we know that he left it off absolutely, not wanting to make it up, then we do not make it up on his behalf, because that does not benefit him. And if we know that the man was negligent, saying, "I will make it up tomorrow, I will make it up tomorrow," until death overtook him, then it is made up on his behalf, by the saying of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family):
'A'isha (Allah be pleased with her) reported Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) as saying: If anyone dies in a state (that he had to complete) some fasts, his heir must fast on his behalf.من مات وعليه صيام صام عنه وليه
Sahih Muslim 1147
May Allah reward you with good, Honorable Shaykh.
Source قناة «فضيلة الشيخ محمد بن صالح العثيمين»، 1014- من مات وعليه أيام من رمضان هل تقضى عنه؟/سؤال على الهاتف 📞 /ابن عثيمين — youtube.com

The Arabic text is a machine transcription of the audio recording.

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