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﴿ فَاسْأَلُوا أَهْلَ الذِّكْرِ إِن كُنتُمْ لَا تَعْلَمُونَ ﴾

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If a person vows to pray, is one rak'ah sufficient for him, or is it necessary that he pray two?

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Question : Among the issues is if a person vows to pray, is it reduced to one rak'ah, or is it necessary that he pray two, according to two narrations?

Answer : Is it sufficient for him? There are two versions: it is sufficient for him, and it is sufficient for him. Now, if someone asks, what do you say in this issue? Is one rak'ah sufficient for him, because the minimum for voluntary prayer is one rak'ah, which is the witr, or is it necessary that he pray two, because the minimum for obligatory prayer is two rak'ahs? If we say that what is obligatory by vow is to be measured by what the Shari'ah has abrogated, we say the minimum for obligatory prayer.
Two rak'ahs, so he is required to pray two rak'ahs. And if we say it is to be measured by the measure of the voluntary, we say the minimum for the voluntary is one rak'ah, so one rak'ah is sufficient for him. And what appears to me is that nothing is sufficient for him except two rak'ahs, because what comes to the mind of the one who vows is that he prays two rak'ahs, meaning it is rare that the one who vows intends by it one rak'ah, so it is taken as the customary thing that comes to the mind, so he is required to pray two rak'ahs. And if we said that what is called prayer is sufficient for him, we would also say that prostrating is sufficient for him, because prostration for recitation is prayer according to the jurists. Yes.
Source قناة «فضيلة الشيخ محمد بن صالح العثيمين»، 489 - لو نذر الشخص بصلاة فهل تجزئه ركعة أو لا بد من ركعتين؟ قواعد ابن رجب - ابن عثيمين — youtube.com

The Arabic text is a machine transcription of the audio recording.

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