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﴿ فَاسْأَلُوا أَهْلَ الذِّكْرِ إِن كُنتُمْ لَا تَعْلَمُونَ ﴾

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Does the reward of acts of worship reach the deceased?

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Question:
The questioner says: Shaykh, does the reward of acts of worship for which there is no explicit text, such as reciting the Qur'an and dhikr (remembrance of Allah), reach the deceased? And what are the best deeds that reach the deceased?

Answer:
The default is that a deed belongs to the one who performs it, as Allah the Exalted said:
And that there is not for man except that [good] for which he strivesوَأَن لَّيْسَ لِلْإِنسَانِ إِلَّا مَا سَعَىٰ
[An-Najm 53:39]
. However, an exception to this is what is established by evidence that benefits others when their reward is dedicated to them, whether they are alive or dead. This includes charity, performing Hajj and 'Umrah on behalf of a deceased person, and making du'a' (supplication) for the deceased or the living. These three matters benefit others if their reward is dedicated to them, provided Allah (Glorified and Exalted is He) accepts it. Anything other than these does not reach the intended recipient, as Allah the Exalted said:
And that there is not for man except that [good] for which he strivesوَأَن لَّيْسَ لِلْإِنسَانِ إِلَّا مَا سَعَىٰ
[An-Najm 53:39]
. This includes reciting the Qur'an on behalf of others; there is no evidence for this, whether for the living or the dead. The reward for recitation is limited to the reciter. Yes.
Source قناة «العلامة الدكتور صالح الفوزان»، 7775- هل يصل أجر الأعمال التعبدية إلى الميت؟ - الشيخ صالح الفوزان — youtube.com

The Arabic text is a machine transcription of the audio recording.

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