The Ruling on the Prayer of Fishermen in Boats
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Question:
The questioner says: The owners of the boats, the fishermen, pray in their boats. The waves move the boats, and they may face a direction other than the qiblah. What is the ruling on their prayer?
Answer:
If they are unable to pray except in the boats, and they cannot go out to the shore to pray there, and they perform the prayer in the boats in the prescribed manner—facing the qiblah, bowing, and prostrating—then there is no harm in that; they pray in the boats. If the boats drift away from them, they face the qiblah. If the ship or vessel deviates from the direction of the qiblah, the one praying turns toward the qiblah, and his prayer is valid, if Allah wills. Yes.
The questioner says: The owners of the boats, the fishermen, pray in their boats. The waves move the boats, and they may face a direction other than the qiblah. What is the ruling on their prayer?
Answer:
If they are unable to pray except in the boats, and they cannot go out to the shore to pray there, and they perform the prayer in the boats in the prescribed manner—facing the qiblah, bowing, and prostrating—then there is no harm in that; they pray in the boats. If the boats drift away from them, they face the qiblah. If the ship or vessel deviates from the direction of the qiblah, the one praying turns toward the qiblah, and his prayer is valid, if Allah wills. Yes.
Source
قناة «العلامة الدكتور صالح الفوزان»، محاضرات في العقيدة والدعوة-088-مفهود العبادة في الإسلام|صالح الفوزان|كبار العلماء — youtube.com (1:23:09)
The Arabic text is a machine transcription of the audio recording.