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﴿ فَاسْأَلُوا أَهْلَ الذِّكْرِ إِن كُنتُمْ لَا تَعْلَمُونَ ﴾

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What is prescribed to be said when visiting the grave of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and his two companions?

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Question:
May Allah reward you, Your Eminence, father. The questioner asks: What is the wording of the salam to the graves of the martyrs, the grave of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and the graves in al-Baqi'?

Answer:
It has passed you in the discussion of tawassul (seeking nearness to Allah through a means) and the wasilah (means of approach) that one says: "Peace be upon you, O Messenger of Allah, and the mercy of Allah and His blessings. Peace be upon you, O Abu Bakr al-Siddiq, and the mercy of Allah and His blessings. Peace be upon you, O 'Umar ibn al-Khattab, or O 'Umar al-Faruq, and the mercy of Allah and His blessings." This is the salam. And if he says: "I bear witness that you conveyed the message, fulfilled the trust, advised the Ummah, and struggled for Allah with the true struggle, so may Allah reward you for Islam and the Muslims with the best reward He gives a prophet for his Ummah," there is no harm in that, because this is among the descriptions of him (peace and blessings be upon him). Yes.
Source قناة «العلامة الدكتور صالح الفوزان»، [962 -2802] ما الذي يشرع قوله عند زيارة قبر النبي ﷺ وصاحبيه؟ - الشيخ صالح الفوزان — youtube.com

The Arabic text is a machine transcription of the audio recording.

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