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﴿ فَاسْأَلُوا أَهْلَ الذِّكْرِ إِن كُنتُمْ لَا تَعْلَمُونَ ﴾

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If a person has many missed prayers, how does he make them up?

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Question : If the missed prayers are numerous, he prays them in order until the time for the current obligatory prayer becomes narrow. If the time for the current prayer becomes narrow, what does he do? He prays the current prayer, then returns to complete the missed ones. There is a narration from Imam Ahmad that if he knows he will not be able to catch up with the missed prayers before the time for the current prayer ends, he should pray the current prayer at the beginning of its time. This is so that he may attain the virtue of praying at the beginning of the time, and because he is bound to pray this current prayer in a state where he will be lacking in reliance upon Allah.

Answer : Do you understand? Well, suppose a man has ten days of missed prayers, which is fifty prayers, and he starts making them up after the sun has passed its zenith. He makes them up. When he has completed five days' worth, the time for the Zuhr prayer becomes narrow. What do we tell him? We say: Pray the Zuhr prayer, then go back and complete the remaining twenty-five prayers. Likewise, in a narration from Ahmad, it is said that he should pray the Zuhr prayer at the beginning of its time.
There is no need to delay it. Why? Because he knows there is no benefit in delaying. The gap between the missed prayers will remain in any case. And if there is no benefit in delaying, let him pray it at the beginning of the time, because that is better. Is this clear now, or not clear?
The stronger position is that he should pray it at the beginning of the time, because, as he said, there is no benefit in advancing it, and advancing it has a benefit, which is attaining the virtue of the beginning of the time.
Source قناة «فضيلة الشيخ محمد بن صالح العثيمين»، 627 - إذا كثرت الفوائت على الإنسان فكيف يصليها؟ الكافي في فقه الإمام أحمد بن حنبل - ابن عثيمين — youtube.com

The Arabic text is a machine transcription of the audio recording.

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