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﴿ فَاسْأَلُوا أَهْلَ الذِّكْرِ إِن كُنتُمْ لَا تَعْلَمُونَ ﴾

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Can the 'Asr prayer be combined with the Friday prayer?

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The questioner : The second questioner says: If I want to travel after the Friday prayer, is it permissible for me to pray the shortened prayer early in order to gain the honor of the location?

The Shaykh : Yes, this issue also needs to be clarified: Is it permissible for a person who prays the Friday prayer in a mosque while traveling to combine the 'Asr prayer with the Friday prayer, or is it not permissible? This applies whether he does so to gain the honor of the location, if he is in Makkah or al-Madinah, or whether he does not consider that and only considers what is easier for him. Let us suppose you are in your own country. In a country where you are a traveler. I retract the example of the country. Let us suppose you are in a country you have arrived in as a traveler, and you prayed the Friday prayer with the people. Because if a traveler arrives in a country other than his own and the time for the Friday prayer comes, it is obligatory for him to pray the Friday prayer with the Muslims. He does not say, "I am a traveler, and there is no Friday prayer required of me," because Allah says:
O you who have believed, when [the adhan] is called for the prayer on the day of Jumu'ah [Friday], then proceed to the remembrance of Allah and leave trade.يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إِذَا نُودِيَ لِلصَّلَاةِ مِن يَوْمِ الْجُمُعَةِ فَاسْعَوْا إِلَىٰ ذِكْرِ اللَّهِ وَذَرُوا الْبَيْعَ
[Al-Jumu'ah 62:9]
And there is no authentic report from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) specifying this general ruling.
I say: If you pass through a country and stay there, and the time for the Friday prayer comes, and you pray the Friday prayer, and you want to combine the 'Asr prayer with it because it is easier for you, is this permissible or not?
What is known among the scholars is that the 'Asr prayer is not combined with the Friday prayer. Rather, the combination is between the Zuhr and 'Asr prayers. The Friday prayer is not Zuhr, because it differs from Zuhr in its number of units, its form, and the sermons that precede it. Therefore, the 'Asr prayer is not combined with the Friday prayer. This is the well-known position among the scholars.
A small number of scholars held that it is permissible to combine the 'Asr prayer with the Friday prayer, arguing that the Friday prayer is a shortened Zuhr. This is not the case, for the Friday prayer is an independent prayer and is not a shortened Zuhr. For this reason, it has a specific recitation, and the imam recites it aloud, unlike the Zuhr prayer. Accordingly, what I see in this issue is that a person does not combine the 'Asr prayer with the Friday prayer, because the combination was only reported for prayers that are of the same type as the other prayer: 'Asr with Zuhr, or Maghrib with 'Isha'. Although Maghrib and 'Isha differ, they are both night prayers.
Source قناة «فضيلة الشيخ محمد بن صالح العثيمين»، لقاء[21 من 51] هل تجمع صلاة العصر مع الجمعة؟!! الشيخ ابن عثيمين - مشروع كبار العلماء — youtube.com

The Arabic text is a machine transcription of the audio recording.

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