Is the adhan obligatory or recommended, and is it a condition that every person who prays must perform it before the prayer? May Allah reward you with good.

Question:
Is the adhan obligatory or recommended? And is it a condition that every person who prays must perform it before the prayer? May Allah reward you with good.

Answer:
The adhan is a collective obligation (fard kifayah). If a sufficient number of people perform it, the obligation is lifted from the rest, and it remains a recommended practice (sunnah) for them. However, if no one performs it among the residents of the town, and no adhan is called in the town, then they all must call it, because they have neglected an obligation. As for when one person calls the adhan in the town, the adhan in the remaining mosques remains a recommended practice (sunnah), and whoever does it is doing what is better. As for travelers, the adhan is not obligatory for them; the Friday prayer is obligatory for them, but the adhan is not obligatory for them, though it is a recommended practice (sunnah) for them. The obligation of the adhan in the settled areas applies to the residents of the town. This is a collective obligation (fard kifayah). It is recommended for the one praying alone, and it is recommended for travelers, because it is a declaration of the oneness of Allah (tawhid), a symbol of Islam, and it has great virtue. Yes. May Allah reward you with good, and may He do you good.