Using the rebellion of Mu'awiyah against 'Ali as an argument
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Question:
May Allah reward you with good. This person argues using a historical hadith, saying: "Mu'awiyah rebelled against 'Ali. So how can we say that it is not permissible to rebel against the ruler?"
Answer:
My brother, Mu'awiyah did not rebel against 'Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) along with everyone else. Rather, Mu'awiyah and those with him were demanding justice for the blood of 'Uthman. They did not say that 'Ali was ignorant of the governor, nor did they dispute his authority or break the stick of obedience. Rather, they said that they were demanding justice for the blood of 'Uthman because he was wronged. That was their argument. So the claim that they rebelled against 'Ali is not correct. This is not correct. Rather, they were demanding justice for the blood of 'Uthman. Whether they were mistaken or correct, we do not rule that they are Khawarij. The Khawarij are different from them. The Khawarij are those who declare Muslims to be disbelievers and consider the blood of Muslims lawful. Did Mu'awiyah (may Allah be pleased with him) and those with him declare Muslims to be disbelievers, or declare 'Ali to be a disbeliever? Far from it, absolutely not. So they are not Khawarij. Yes.
The presenter:
May Allah reward you with good for this clarification and explanation.
May Allah reward you with good. This person argues using a historical hadith, saying: "Mu'awiyah rebelled against 'Ali. So how can we say that it is not permissible to rebel against the ruler?"
Answer:
My brother, Mu'awiyah did not rebel against 'Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) along with everyone else. Rather, Mu'awiyah and those with him were demanding justice for the blood of 'Uthman. They did not say that 'Ali was ignorant of the governor, nor did they dispute his authority or break the stick of obedience. Rather, they said that they were demanding justice for the blood of 'Uthman because he was wronged. That was their argument. So the claim that they rebelled against 'Ali is not correct. This is not correct. Rather, they were demanding justice for the blood of 'Uthman. Whether they were mistaken or correct, we do not rule that they are Khawarij. The Khawarij are different from them. The Khawarij are those who declare Muslims to be disbelievers and consider the blood of Muslims lawful. Did Mu'awiyah (may Allah be pleased with him) and those with him declare Muslims to be disbelievers, or declare 'Ali to be a disbeliever? Far from it, absolutely not. So they are not Khawarij. Yes.
The presenter:
May Allah reward you with good for this clarification and explanation.
Source
قناة «العلامة الدكتور صالح الفوزان»، محاضرات في العقيدة والدعوة-33-حقوق الراعي والرعية|صالح الفوزان|العام|كبار العلماء — youtube.com (1:03:34)
The Arabic text is a machine transcription of the audio recording.