The Ruling on Expiating Major Sins Through Good Deeds
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Question:
Abu Dawud. Some people say that major sins are expiated by good deeds and righteous actions. What is the ruling according to the Shari'ah?
Answer:
The majority hold that major sins are not expiated except by repentance or by the pardon of Allah (Glorified and Exalted is He); good deeds do not expiate them. However, what was reported regarding Hajj is what was reported regarding the accepted Hajj. He said:Mishkat al-Masabih 2507 The apparent meaning of this is general: that Allah forgives through the accepted Hajj, expiating both major and minor sins. As for anything other than that, the apparent meaning of the texts, and the position of the majority of scholars, is that it is not expiated except by repentance or by Allah's pardon of its owner. The expiation is specific to minor sins, as Allah the Exalted said: [An-Nisa 4:31] meaning minor sins. And the saying of the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him): Sahih Muslim 233c So, prayer expiates what is between them, provided one is diligent, meaning major sins. The marker is that major sins are not expiated except by prayer, and these deeds do not expiate them: the five daily prayers, Friday prayer, and Ramadan. Yes. Yes. Yes. Thank you. According to the stronger position, if one holds fast to the covenant of Allah, then, if Allah wills, He will pardon its owner and forgive him.
Abu Dawud. Some people say that major sins are expiated by good deeds and righteous actions. What is the ruling according to the Shari'ah?
Answer:
The majority hold that major sins are not expiated except by repentance or by the pardon of Allah (Glorified and Exalted is He); good deeds do not expiate them. However, what was reported regarding Hajj is what was reported regarding the accepted Hajj. He said:
God’s messenger as saying, “If anyone performs the pilgrimage for God’s sake without talking immodestly or acting wickedly, he will return [free from sin] as on the day his mother bore him.”
صلى الله عليه وسلم من حج ولم يرفث ولم يسقط رجع كيوم ولدته أمه،If you avoid the major sins which you are forbidden, We will remove from you your lesser sins
إِن تَجْتَنِبُوا كَبَائِرَ مَا تُنْهَوْنَ عَنْهُ نُكَفِّرْ عَنكُمْ سَيِّئَاتِكُمْThe five (daily) prayers and from one Friday prayer to the (next) Friday prayer, and from Ramadhan to Ramadhan
الخمس والجمعة إلى الجمعة ورمضان إلى رمضان
Source
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The Arabic text is a machine transcription of the audio recording.