Circumambulation on behalf of a deceased person or a living person

Question:
The questioner asks: What is the ruling on performing tawaf (circumambulation of the Ka'bah) on behalf of a deceased person or a living person?

Answer:
Tawaf. Yes. The scholars differed regarding whether agency (niyabah) applies to it or not. It is mentioned in the hadith regarding a deceased person and one who is unable to perform the obligatory pilgrimage. This applies to the entire Hajj or the entire 'Umrah (lesser pilgrimage). However, a part of it, which is tawaf, is a point of disagreement among the scholars. The stronger view, and Allah knows best, is that it is not prescribed to perform tawaf on behalf of another. This is something that was established for the complete ritual in Hajj or 'Umrah. As for tawaf or sa'y (walking between al-Safa and al-Marwah), there is no report that agency applies to them. Yes.