The ruling on making up fasts broken in Ramadan for a woman and feeding the poor
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Question:
The questioner says: If a woman breaks her fast in Ramadan due to an excuse, is she only required to make up the fasts? Is she required to make up the fasts and feed the poor, or is she required neither to make up the fasts nor to feed the poor?
Answer:
As for the one who has neither to make up the fast nor to feed the poor, that is what some people say. Fasting in Ramadan is obligatory, either by performing it in its time or by making it up. No one says that a person has no obligation to make it up except for one who has no intellect, whose intellect is permanently gone due to old age or a disease that has taken it away. Such a person has no obligation to fast, neither in its time nor by making it up. As for the one who has intellect but is unable to fast, if the inability is temporary, he breaks his fast and makes it up when he is able.
If the inability is chronic and not expected to end, he feeds one poor person for each day,[Al-Baqarah 2:184], and in another reading, food for the poor. As for the pregnant and nursing woman.
They are in the ruling of the sick person. If she breaks her fast out of fear for herself, she breaks it and makes it up only, and she has no obligation to feed. But if she breaks her fast out of fear for the fetus or the nursing child only, and she is strong herself but fears for the pregnancy or the nursing child, then both are required of her: making up the fast and feeding one poor person for each day. Yes.
The questioner says: If a woman breaks her fast in Ramadan due to an excuse, is she only required to make up the fasts? Is she required to make up the fasts and feed the poor, or is she required neither to make up the fasts nor to feed the poor?
Answer:
As for the one who has neither to make up the fast nor to feed the poor, that is what some people say. Fasting in Ramadan is obligatory, either by performing it in its time or by making it up. No one says that a person has no obligation to make it up except for one who has no intellect, whose intellect is permanently gone due to old age or a disease that has taken it away. Such a person has no obligation to fast, neither in its time nor by making it up. As for the one who has intellect but is unable to fast, if the inability is temporary, he breaks his fast and makes it up when he is able.
If the inability is chronic and not expected to end, he feeds one poor person for each day,
And upon those who are able [to fast, but with hardship] - a ransom [as substitute] of feeding a poor person
وَعَلَى الَّذِينَ يُطِيقُونَهُ فِدْيَةٌ طَعَامُ مِسْكِينٍThey are in the ruling of the sick person. If she breaks her fast out of fear for herself, she breaks it and makes it up only, and she has no obligation to feed. But if she breaks her fast out of fear for the fetus or the nursing child only, and she is strong herself but fears for the pregnancy or the nursing child, then both are required of her: making up the fast and feeding one poor person for each day. Yes.
Source
دروس الحرم، درس التفسير من الحرم 10-07-1434هـ — alfawzan.live (46:32)
The Arabic text is a machine transcription of the audio recording.