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﴿ فَاسْأَلُوا أَهْلَ الذِّكْرِ إِن كُنتُمْ لَا تَعْلَمُونَ ﴾

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Making up the fast of one who died with days of Ramadan remaining

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Question:
The questioner says: If a person passes away and he has days of Ramadan remaining, and one of his family members wants to make them up, are they required to give charity along with the fasting?

Answer:
If a person dies while owing fasts, the matter requires examination. If he died of an illness after Ramadan without recovering, and he died while still ill, then he owes nothing; he is excused, for Allah has washed away his sins. Likewise, if he was ill or traveling, and he died while traveling or while ill, he owes nothing, and nothing is made up on his behalf. However, if he recovered and then neglected the matter, and then died after his recovery for a period during which he could have made up the fasts, or after a period close to the end of his journey, then it is made up on his behalf. His awliya (close friends of Allah) and relatives make it up on his behalf; this is the best course of action, based on the saying of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him)
'A'isha (Allah be pleased with her) reported Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) as saying: If anyone dies in a state (that he had to complete) some fasts, his heir must fast on his behalf.من مات وعليه صيام صام عنه وليه
Sahih Muslim 1147
, and there is agreement on its authenticity,
'A'isha (Allah be pleased with her) reported Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) as saying: If anyone dies in a state (that he had to complete) some fasts, his heir must fast on his behalf.من مات وعليه صيام صام عنه وليه
Sahih Muslim 1147
approximately. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was asked about this on multiple occasions. One person said to him, “O Messenger of Allah, my mother died and she owed a fast of two months.” Another said, “Yes, he died and he owed so much.” The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said, “Fast.” It is implied that one should fast on behalf of his mother and on behalf of his father. This is the prescribed practice: to fast on her behalf. If he does not fast on her behalf, he feeds a poor person for each day.
Source لقاءات لابن باز - لقاء مفتوح مع الشيخ ابن باز-١ — archive.org (1:15:14)

The Arabic text is a machine transcription of the audio recording.

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