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﴿ فَاسْأَلُوا أَهْلَ الذِّكْرِ إِن كُنتُمْ لَا تَعْلَمُونَ ﴾

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Did Allah send down a book to every prophet?

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Question:
He says: Honorable Shaykh, may Allah grant you success. He says: I heard some students of knowledge say that every prophet was sent down a book. So when I asked him for the evidence, he said: I have no evidence, but by default, a prophet is sent down with a book.

Answer:
The Book is revealed to the Messenger, whereas the Prophet follows the Messengers who came before him and rules by the Book that was revealed before him. For example, the prophets of the Children of Israel ruled by the Torah that was revealed to Moses (peace be upon him); the prophets ruled by it. Look at the Torah:
Indeed, We sent down the Torah, in which was guidance and light. The prophets who submitted [to Allah] judged by itإِنَّا أَنزَلْنَا التَّوْرَاةَ فِيهَا هُدًى وَنُورٌ يَحْكُمُ بِهَا
[Al-Ma'idah 5:44]
Who? The prophets. So the Prophet follows the Book that came before him, and he may be inspired with revelation regarding specific matters, but he follows the Messengers who came before him. Yes.
Source قناة «العلامة الدكتور صالح الفوزان»، [3789- 4717] هل كل نبي أنزل الله عليه كتابا؟ - الشيخ صالح الفوزان — youtube.com

The Arabic text is a machine transcription of the audio recording.

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