The Difference Between Dayn (Debt), Qard (Loan), and Salam (Forward Sale)

Question:
May Allah reward you. I move on to this question sent by Salih from Dammam. He asks: What is the difference between dayn (debt), qard (loan), and salam (forward sale)?

Answer:
Dayn (debt) is a general term that includes qard (loan) and includes salam (forward sale). Qard (loan) is when one takes money to satisfy his need and then returns its equivalent. This is qard (loan). It has great virtue and reward for the lender. It is called al-qard al-hasan (the good loan), where one does not intend investment behind it; he does not intend investment, but rather intends the reward, and his money returns to him. This is qard (loan). As for salam (forward sale), it is advancing the price and deferring the item sold.
That is, deferring the capital and deferring the commodity. People need it. It is a good contract. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) approved it with known conditions: to a known term, and the measure and weight must be known. That . This is salam (forward sale).
A farmer may need, or the owner of a company may need, what finances his company or his crop. So he takes dirhams from a merchant to finance his farm, his company, or his project. Then the borrower brings the goods for which the salam (forward sale) was made when the term arrives, on the condition that these goods are of a type that is defined by description, of a type that is defined by description. Yes.