The indication from the verse “And those who came after them say…” regarding the prohibition of taking from the fay' (war spoils) for one who insults the Companions?
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Question:
I ask Allah for you, Your Eminence, father. The questioner says: We previously discussed with you in Surat al-Hashr, at the saying of Allah the Exalted:[Al-Hashr 59:10]. It was established with us that this verse is evidence that those who insult and curse the Companions have no share of the fay' (war spoils). What is the indication from that?
Answer:
Because the verses are in the context of distributing the fay' (war spoils)[Al-Hashr 59:7]. Then He said to the poor emigrants. Then He said, “And those who settled in the land,” meaning the Ansar. The fay' is distributed to these people. Then He said, “And those who came after them,” meaning after the Companions, who follow them, pray for them, and support them. They have the fay', they have a share of the fay'. As for those who insult the Companions, they have nothing of the fay' and they do not take the rulings of the Muslims in this matter. Yes.
I ask Allah for you, Your Eminence, father. The questioner says: We previously discussed with you in Surat al-Hashr, at the saying of Allah the Exalted:
And [there is a share for] those who came after them, saying, "Our Lord, forgive us and our brothers who preceded us in faith
وَالَّذِينَ جَاءُوا مِن بَعْدِهِمْ يَقُولُونَ رَبَّنَا اغْفِرْ لَنَا وَلِإِخْوَانِنَا الَّذِينَ سَبَقُونَا بِالْإِيمَانِAnswer:
Because the verses are in the context of distributing the fay' (war spoils)
And what Allah restored to His Messenger from the people of the towns - it is for Allah and for the Messenger
مَّا أَفَاءَ اللَّهُ عَلَىٰ رَسُولِهِ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْقُرَىٰ فَلِلَّهِ وَلِلرَّسُولِ
Source
قناة «العلامة الدكتور صالح الفوزان»، [1695- 4717] وجه الدلالة من الآية ﴿والذين جاءوا من بعدهم يقولون..﴾على حرمان من يسب الصحابة من الفيء؟ — youtube.com
The Arabic text is a machine transcription of the audio recording.