The ruling on one who travels while fasting, then returns and breaks his fast on the way
Machine translationRead the Arabic original
The questioner:
This is another question. The questioner says: A man was fasting and traveled a distance of eighty kilometers. He traveled while fasting on the condition that he would stay in that area, but he was not able to stay there, so he returned the same day over the same distance. When he began his return journey, he broke his fast. What is obligatory for him? Is his fast valid, or has he committed an error?
The Shaykh:
If he broke his fast before the sun set, he must make up the obligatory fast. If he held out until the sun set, there is no harm, praise be to Allah.
Another questioner:
A person says to you: If I travel, I will break my fast and eat the pre-dawn meal. So when morning came, he went out, and when he left the town, he returned. Is his fast valid?
The Shaykh:
If he did not carry out what he said, praise be to Allah.
Another questioner:
It is not distinguished by the intention of conditional fasting. It is not distinguished by the intention of conditional fasting.
The Shaykh:
No, no, conditional fasting is not valid. He breaks his fast during the night, or he breaks his fast after dawn. If he intended to break his fast, he has broken his fast according to a group of scholars. As for saying, "I will break my fast," but not carrying it out, and not intending to break his fast after dawn—the intention before the dawn enters—but if he intended it after dawn, the safest course for him is that he makes it up if it was an obligatory fast, as it is not valid with a firm intention. As for a voluntary fast, it is more lenient.
This is another question. The questioner says: A man was fasting and traveled a distance of eighty kilometers. He traveled while fasting on the condition that he would stay in that area, but he was not able to stay there, so he returned the same day over the same distance. When he began his return journey, he broke his fast. What is obligatory for him? Is his fast valid, or has he committed an error?
The Shaykh:
If he broke his fast before the sun set, he must make up the obligatory fast. If he held out until the sun set, there is no harm, praise be to Allah.
Another questioner:
A person says to you: If I travel, I will break my fast and eat the pre-dawn meal. So when morning came, he went out, and when he left the town, he returned. Is his fast valid?
The Shaykh:
If he did not carry out what he said, praise be to Allah.
Another questioner:
It is not distinguished by the intention of conditional fasting. It is not distinguished by the intention of conditional fasting.
The Shaykh:
No, no, conditional fasting is not valid. He breaks his fast during the night, or he breaks his fast after dawn. If he intended to break his fast, he has broken his fast according to a group of scholars. As for saying, "I will break my fast," but not carrying it out, and not intending to break his fast after dawn—the intention before the dawn enters—but if he intended it after dawn, the safest course for him is that he makes it up if it was an obligatory fast, as it is not valid with a firm intention. As for a voluntary fast, it is more lenient.
Source
شرح بلوغ المرام [ ابن باز ] [ الشرح الجديد ]، كتاب الصيام — islamhouse.com (15:25)
The Arabic text is a machine transcription of the audio recording.