Guidance on the hadith of 'Aishah regarding shortening and completing the prayer and fasting while traveling
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Question:
Honorable Shaykh, may Allah grant you success. The questioner says: In the hadithBulugh al-Maram 2:339, which was authenticated. Imam Ahmad (may Allah have mercy on him) rejected it in the questions of his son Abdullah. So what is your guidance on that, and what…
Answer:
It is strange that this is the case. I said that this is strange. What is established is that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) did not fast the obligatory fast while traveling. As for the voluntary fast, yes, he used to fast the voluntary fast. And what is established is that he did not complete the prayer. Rather, he used to shorten the prayer from the time he set out as a traveler until he returned, and he was shortening the prayer. This is what is established from him (peace and blessings be upon him). Yes.
Honorable Shaykh, may Allah grant you success. The questioner says: In the hadith
Narrated 'Aishah (RA): While on a journey, the Prophet (ﷺ) used to shorten the prayer (sometimes) and offer it completely (sometimes). Similarly, he used to observe fast (sometimes) and break it (sometimes). [ad-Daraqutni reported it
عائشة رضي الله عنها أن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم كان يقصر في السفر ويتم ويفطر ويصوم رواه الدارقطنيAnswer:
It is strange that this is the case. I said that this is strange. What is established is that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) did not fast the obligatory fast while traveling. As for the voluntary fast, yes, he used to fast the voluntary fast. And what is established is that he did not complete the prayer. Rather, he used to shorten the prayer from the time he set out as a traveler until he returned, and he was shortening the prayer. This is what is established from him (peace and blessings be upon him). Yes.
Source
شرح كتاب المنتقى من أخبار المصطفى صلى الله عليه وسلم، بداية من باب ما جاء فيمن يلازم بقعة بعينها من المسجد — islamhouse.com (54:39)
The Arabic text is a machine transcription of the audio recording.