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﴿ فَاسْأَلُوا أَهْلَ الذِّكْرِ إِن كُنتُمْ لَا تَعْلَمُونَ ﴾

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A person missed many Fajr prayers due to sleep; what is obligatory for him?

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Question:
He says about himself: I have not prayed many Fajr prayers because of sleep, and when I wake up, I find that the sun has already risen, so I do not pray them. Is it obligatory for me to pray them when I wake up from my sleep?

Answer:
First, first, sleep is not a permanent excuse for abandoning the prayer. Sleep is only an excuse in some cases, if it is a person's habit to wake up and pray, and he is diligent about waking up, and he has taken the measures to wake him for the Fajr prayer, but sleep overcame him at times, then sleep is an excuse for him. When he wakes up, he prays immediately, based on the saying of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him)
If he slept through it or missed it, let him pray it when he remembers it. There is no expiation for it except that.في النصف صلاة أو نام عنها، فليصلها إذا ذكرها، لا كفارة لها إلا ذلك،
. When the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and his Companions slept during one of his journeys and missed the Fajr prayer because they were traveling for most of the night and were not woken by anything but the heat of the sun, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered them to depart from that valley where they had slept, because Satan had visited them there. They moved to another place, then he ordered the one in charge to lead them, and they established the prayer. They first prayed the regular voluntary prayer before Fajr, then he ordered them to pray, and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) prayed Fajr for his Companions. This is the case where sleep is an excuse for him. However, if sleep is the result of laziness, negligence, and indifference, then it is forbidden for the Muslim, and it is not permissible for him to do so. If he becomes accustomed to this and does not pray until the sun has risen, then his prayer is not valid in this case until Allah the Exalted and Majestic makes him diligent and he preserves the prayer in its time.
Allah the Exalted and Majestic said:
Maintain with care the [obligatory] prayers and [in particular] the middle prayer and stand before Allah, devoutly obedient.حَافِظُوا عَلَى الصَّلَوَاتِ وَالصَّلَاةِ الْوُسْطَىٰ وَقُومُوا لِلَّهِ قَانِتِينَ
[Al-Baqarah 2:238]
. He the Exalted said at the beginning of the Surah of the Believers:
(9) And they who carefully maintain their prayers - (10) Those are the inheritors (11) Who will inherit al-Firdaus. They will abide therein eternally.وَالَّذِينَ هُمْ عَلَىٰ صَلَوَاتِهِمْ يُحَافِظُونَ أُولَٰئِكَ هُمُ الْوَارِثُونَ الَّذِينَ يَرِثُونَ الْفِرْدَوْسَ هُمْ فِيهَا خَالِدُونَ
[Al-Mu'minun 23:9-11]
. He the Exalted said in the Surah of the Ascending Stages:
(34) And those who [carefully] maintain their prayer:وَالَّذِينَ هُمْ عَلَىٰ صَلَاتِهِمْ يُحَافِظُونَ أُولَٰئِكَ
[Al-Ma'arij 70:34-35]
. Gardens, honored, for preserving the prayer, meaning for preserving the prayer by performing it in its prescribed times. Allah the Exalted said:
Indeed, prayer has been decreed upon the believers a decree of specified times.إِنَّ الصَّلَاةَ كَانَتْ عَلَى الْمُؤْمِنِينَ كِتَابًا مَّوْقُوتًا
[An-Nisa 4:103]
, meaning prescribed in specific times; it is not permissible to take it out of them without a valid legal excuse. He the Exalted said:
(4) So woe to those who pray (5) [But] who areفَوَيْلٌ لِّلْمُصَلِّينَ الَّذِينَ هُمْ عَن صَلَاتِهِمْ
[Al-Ma'un 107:4-5]
. And among the negligence regarding the prayer is taking it out of its time without a legal command; Allah threatened them with woe.
And wasting the prayers means taking them out of their time, not abandoning them entirely. From this, it becomes clear that those who are negligent regarding the Fajr prayer, and sleep through it without caring, and do not pray until they wake up, are in great danger, and their prayer is not valid, because this is the result of negligence, the result of laziness, and the result of indifference. So whoever does that should repent to Allah with a sincere repentance, and preserve the prayers in their times with the congregation, if he wants salvation for himself. Yes. May Allah reward you with good.
Source قناة «العلامة الدكتور صالح الفوزان»، شخص فاتته الكثير من صلوات الصبح بسبب النوم فماذا يجب عليه؟ الشيخ صالح بن فوزان الفوزان — youtube.com

The Arabic text is a machine transcription of the audio recording.

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