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﴿ فَاسْأَلُوا أَهْلَ الذِّكْرِ إِن كُنتُمْ لَا تَعْلَمُونَ ﴾

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A woman said: I vowed that if my daughter is healed, I will fast three days of every month. Now she is unable to fast due to her advanced age. What is required of her?

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Question:
She says she has a sick daughter, and she made a vow upon herself by saying, "If the daughter is healed, I will fast three days of every month." Allah willed the daughter's healing, but the one who made the vow sometimes fasted and sometimes did not, and she continued in this state. She grew old and became unable to fast. What is required of her now? Please inform us, may Allah reward you, and may He reward you with good for us.

Answer:
She erred in that she sometimes fasted and sometimes did not fast the days she vowed, because it is obligatory for her to fulfill the vow. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said:
Whoever vows that he will be obedient to Allah, should remain obedient to Himمن نذر أن يطيع الله فليطعه
Sahih al-Bukhari 6696
, and Allah the Exalted said:
They [are those who] fulfill [their] vows and fear a Day whose evil will be widespread.يُوفُونَ بِالنَّذْرِ وَيَخَافُونَ يَوْمًا كَانَ شَرُّهُ مُسْتَطِيرًا
[Al-Insan 76:7]
, and Allah the Exalted said, "And let them fulfill their vows." The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) described a group of people in the last times, describing their sin, because they make vows and do not fulfill them. In any case, it is obligatory to fulfill the vow, whether it is fasting, prayer, or any type of obedience. This woman erred in her negligence regarding the vow; she left an obligation that was required of her. As for now, since she is finally unable to fast the vow, Allah, Glorified and Exalted is He, says:
Allah does not charge a soul except [with that within] its capacityلَا يُكَلِّفُ اللَّهُ نَفْسًا إِلَّا وُسْعَهَا
[Al-Baqarah 2:286]
. If she is unable, the vow is dropped from her, because it is only obligatory for her to fulfill the vow with the ability and capacity to do so. However, she must seek forgiveness and repent for what happened previously. If she gives charity as a precaution and out of excellence, that is good, for good deeds erase bad deeds. Yes.
Source قناة «العلامة الدكتور صالح الفوزان»، امرأة قالت إذا شفيت ابنتي لأصومن 3 أيام من كل شهر، والآن لا تقدر على الصوم لكبر سنها، فماذا عليها؟ — youtube.com

The Arabic text is a machine transcription of the audio recording.

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