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﴿ فَاسْأَلُوا أَهْلَ الذِّكْرِ إِن كُنتُمْ لَا تَعْلَمُونَ ﴾

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Does the imam act on the basis of his predominant opinion?

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Question : There is no doubt, and you do not know what he did, that Allah will ask the ma'mum (those praying behind the imam).

Answer : Meaning, he turns to them and asks, "How many rak'ahs did we pray?" Is that what you want? No, it is not permissible. The imam acts on the basis of his predominant opinion, and if he is mistaken, the ma'mum will point it out to him. For this reason, some scholars who say that certainty is required and that one does not act on the basis of a predominant opinion made an exception for the imam, saying that it is permissible for the imam to act on the basis of his predominant opinion because he has people who will point out his mistake.
Source قناة «فضيلة الشيخ محمد بن صالح العثيمين»، 1178 - 4600 هل يعمل الإمام بغلبة ظنه؟ ابن عثيمين — youtube.com

The Arabic text is a machine transcription of the audio recording.

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