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﴿ فَاسْأَلُوا أَهْلَ الذِّكْرِ إِن كُنتُمْ لَا تَعْلَمُونَ ﴾

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The ruling on an unmarried girl going out to the market

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Question:
Is it permissible for an unmarried girl to leave the house with her mother's permission, without her father's, who is not present, and with his knowledge in some cases and the mother's knowledge? Is it permissible for her to go to the market, but not at all times? I ask you to guide those like me, especially if the girl goes out without need, but only to pass her free time? May Allah reward you with good.

Answer:
It is known from the religion of Islam to protect the woman and for her to remain in the house, because that is safer for her and safer for her honor and chastity, especially if she is a young woman who has not married, for the danger to her is severe. And Allah the Exalted says to the wives of His Prophet, and it is general for all believing women:
And abide in your housesوَقَرْنَ فِي بُيُوتِكُنَّ
[Al-Ahzab 33:33]
and do not display yourselves as [was] the display of the former times of ignoranceوَلَا تَبَرَّجْنَ تَبَرُّجَ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ الْأُولَىٰ
[Al-Ahzab 33:33]
. "And remain in your homes" means staying in the house. So the Muslim woman should remain in the house and not leave it except for a need. Even regarding prayer in the mosque, her saying that she prays in her house is better than her praying in the mosque. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Do not prevent the women of Allah from the mosques of Allah, and their houses are better for them." If praying in her house is better for her than praying in the mosque, even though the mosque is a place of worship and a place of obedience, and prayer in the house is preferred for her over prayer in the mosque, this indicates that Islam requires her, as much as possible, to remain in her house, especially the young woman.
As for going out for a need, there is no harm in it, but on the condition that she is fully covered, that she is not wearing perfume, and that she does not display her adornment, and that her going out is to the extent of the need, then she returns to her house. If these conditions are met, there is no harm in her going out for the need. As for her going out for other than a need, this is not permissible, because it is a cause of fitnah (trial, discord or temptation). Likewise, her going out, even for a need, if she is not adhering to the mentioned conditions of avoiding perfume, avoiding adornment, and avoiding the suhur (pre-dawn meal), then it is not permissible for her to go out in this state. Allah the Exalted said:
and do not display yourselves as [was] the display of the former times of ignoranceوَلَا تَبَرَّجْنَ تَبَرُّجَ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ الْأُولَىٰ
[Al-Ahzab 33:33]
. And the tabarruj (a woman's display of her adornment) of the woman means her adorning herself and displaying her adornment when going out, because this has led to great fitnah (trial, discord or temptation). And what has occurred in the societies that do not care about destruction, ruin, and the corruption of morals is except due to laxity in matters of women. And the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said:
I have not left behind me a trial more injurious to men than women.ما تركت بعدي فتنة أضر على الرجال من النساء
Mishkat al-Masabih 3085
. And he (peace and blessings be upon him) informed that the Children of Israel perished because of their women, their tabarruj (a woman's display of her adornment), and their failure to adhere to the commands of Allah, Glorified and Exalted is He. Yes.

The presenter:
May Allah reward you with good,
Source قناة «العلامة الدكتور صالح الفوزان»، هل يجوز للفتاة الخروج من المنزل بموافقة والدتها دون والدها الذي هو غير موجود؟ الشيخ صالح الفوزان — youtube.com

The Arabic text is a machine transcription of the audio recording.

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