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﴿ فَاسْأَلُوا أَهْلَ الذِّكْرِ إِن كُنتُمْ لَا تَعْلَمُونَ ﴾

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Is it permissible to give charity on behalf of a person who died in a car accident instead of fasting?

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Question:
May Allah reward you. This man says: An accident happened to me, and two people died with me. As for one of them, I fasted two consecutive months on his behalf. As for the other, I did not fast due to my military circumstances and my lack of time only; as for my health, it can bear it if I get the opportunity. Is it permissible for me to give charity instead of fasting?

Answer:
It is obligatory for him to strive to find the opportunity, either through leave or otherwise, that enables him to fast, unless you are unable to do so. In some places, there are slaves for sale; we bought a large quantity from them and freed them. So if you are able, we will buy a slave for you and you will free it on your behalf, and this takes the place of fasting. It is preferred over fasting. We have done this for many people, and the slave costs approximately ten thousand. If you see that, write here so that I do not forget what is required of you. There are also people in Mauritania who are known, and our representative there knows them and cooperates with scholars who know them, and he selects. If you are unable, fasting is necessary, but charity is not; charity in this position does not make it obligatory, rather freeing a slave is necessary. If freeing a slave is not possible, then fasting. As for charity, it is not valid in the case of killing. Charity is in the matter of breaking the fast in Ramadan due to illness, where the order is freeing a slave, then fasting, then feeding. But in the case of killing, there is only freeing a slave; first freeing a slave, and if unable, then fasting. This is what is weighed in the case of accidental killing. And Allah knows best. May Allah reward you.
Source قناة «فضيلة الشيخ ابن باز Alsheikh Binbaz»، 328 هل يجوز التصدق على من مات مع شخص انقلبت سيارته بدلًا من الصيام؟ للإمام ابن باز — youtube.com

The Arabic text is a machine transcription of the audio recording.

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