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﴿ فَاسْأَلُوا أَهْلَ الذِّكْرِ إِن كُنتُمْ لَا تَعْلَمُونَ ﴾

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What is the ruling on teaching the deceased the word of tawhid (the oneness of Allah) and other things in his grave?

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Question : May Allah reward you. It is said that we see many people, after burying the deceased, teaching him the deceased by saying: If you are asked, "Who is your Lord?" say, "My Lord is Allah." If you are asked, "Who is your Prophet?" say, "Muhammad." If you are asked, "What is your religion?" say, "Islam." Is there anything wrong with this action?

Answer : Yes, this is a reprehensible action, because the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) did not guide to it. Rather, he
Whenever the Prophet (ﷺ) became free from burying the dead, he used to stay at him (i.e. his grave) and say: Seek forgiveness for your brother, and beg steadfastness for himإذا فرغ من دفن الميت وقف عليه وقال استغفروا لأخيكم مسألة له التثبيت
Sunan Abi Dawud 3221Sahih (Al-Albani)
and did not teach him. This teaching is of no benefit whatsoever, because the deceased does not hear, as Allah the Exalted said:
Indeed, you will not make the dead hearإِنَّكَ لَا تُسْمِعُ الْمَوْتَىٰ
[An-Naml 27:80]
meaning he does not hear the teaching, otherwise he would hear the clatter of sandals, as we mentioned earlier. Also, he does not benefit from the teaching if he is not among the people of faith. And if he is among the people of faith, he has no need of the teaching. Listen, my son, we say: if he is a believer, he has no need of the timing, correct? Why? Because he will indicate it. And if he is a hypocrite, the teaching will not benefit him. Yes.
Source قناة «فضيلة الشيخ محمد بن صالح العثيمين»، لقاء[31 من 45]ما حكم تلقين الميت في قبره كلمة التوحيد وغيرها؟!! الشيخ ابن عثيمين- مشروع كبار العلماء — youtube.com

The Arabic text is a machine transcription of the audio recording.

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