Forms of Salam Sales in Agriculture

Question:
May Allah reward you with good and do you good. A brother of ours in Allah, residing in Hail, named Ali Abd al-Hamid, asks your eminence about a person who gives the owner of a crop a sum of money before the harvest is due, on the condition that he will buy it for a sum less than his right, equivalent to thirty percent, due to the crop owner's need. Is this sum considered lawful, or is there something wrong with it? May Allah reward you with good.

Answer:
There is nothing wrong with that, and this is what is called a salam debt, where the merchant advances dirhams, the merchant advances dirhams to the farmer, the farmer expands with them, and when he harvests his crop, the owner of the dirhams provides grains or fruits from the harvest of his farm. This is what is called a salam debt, which is the advance of the price and the advance of the item for which the price is paid, the advance of the price which is the dirhams, and the advance of the item which is the food or fruit that the farmer receives. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) entered Madinah while they were extravagant with fruits in the year of the famine, so he said (peace and blessings be upon him) .
So the important thing is the adherence to the conditions and specifications, by stating that the capital must be known, and the debt must be known by a known amount by measure or weight, and the term must be known, and the characteristics of the item being sold must be known, and the item being sold must be of a type where the description is fixed, so there is nothing wrong with that. And this is what people need in their dealings, in their farms, and in their circumstances and needs. And Allah, Exalted and Majestic is He, says Ibn Abbas said, as is narrated from him, that this verse was revealed regarding the salam debt. Yes.