Is it obligatory for a disbeliever to embrace Islam?
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The Shaykh : It is a proof unless it is contradicted by explicit evidence from the Book of Allah, or the Sunnah of His Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him), or the statement of another Companion. When it is followed by anger, it is not a valid proof from the Book and Sunnah. Rather, we excuse this Companion who contradicted the Book and Sunnah. I say: And if the statement of another Companion contradicts it, we seek to determine which of the two statements is stronger. Yes.
The questioner : Is it obligatory? Is it obligatory for a Christian to embrace Islam? And how can he be persuaded to do so?
The Shaykh : The correct form of the question. Is it obligatory for the disbeliever? To embrace [Islam], whether he is a Christian, or a Jew, or a Zoroastrian, or an atheist who does not acknowledge any religion. And the answer is: it is obligatory for every disbeliever who travels to embrace the religion of Islam, even if he is a Christian or a Jew, as an obligation. Because Allah says in the Noble Book: Say, O mankind,[Al-A'raf 7:158]. And Allah, I, [Al-A'raf 7:158]. Good. [Al-A'raf 7:158]. Effective. And follow it so that you may be saved. So it is obligatory for all people to believe in the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him).
However, this Islamic religion, out of the mercy of Allah (Mighty and Majestic) and His wisdom, has permitted non-Muslims to remain on their religions on the condition that they submit to the rulings of the Muslims. And He said, the Exalted: "And take from them[At-Tawbah 9:29]. We take. [At-Tawbah 9:29]. Do you say? And those who were given the Scripture do not believe in the truth, except for a few. [At-Tawbah 9:29] Small."
In Sahih Muslim, from the hadith of Buraydah, it is narrated that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), when he appointed a commander over an army or a detachment, would order him to call the people to Allah and to do good to the Muslims with him. In the hadith, he said: "Call them to three things, or among these things: if they accept any of them, then accept it from them and hold back from them. Among these things is that they pay the jizyah." Therefore, the stronger opinion among the views of the scholars is that the jizyah is accepted from non-Jews and non-Christians.
The conclusion is that non-Muslims must either enter Islam or submit to the rulings of Islam. Yes.
The questioner : Is it obligatory? Is it obligatory for a Christian to embrace Islam? And how can he be persuaded to do so?
The Shaykh : The correct form of the question. Is it obligatory for the disbeliever? To embrace [Islam], whether he is a Christian, or a Jew, or a Zoroastrian, or an atheist who does not acknowledge any religion. And the answer is: it is obligatory for every disbeliever who travels to embrace the religion of Islam, even if he is a Christian or a Jew, as an obligation. Because Allah says in the Noble Book: Say, O mankind,
indeed I am the Messenger of Allah to you all, [from Him] to whom belongs the dominion of the heavens and the earth
إِنِّي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ إِلَيْكُمْ جَمِيعًا الَّذِي لَهُ مُلْكُ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِThere is no deity except Him; He gives life and causes death.
لَا إِلَٰهَ إِلَّا هُوَ يُحْيِي وَيُمِيتُSo believe in Allah and His Messenger, the unlettered prophet, who believes in Allah and His words
فَآمِنُوا بِاللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ النَّبِيِّ الْأُمِّيِّ الَّذِي يُؤْمِنُ بِاللَّهِ وَكَلِمَاتِهِHowever, this Islamic religion, out of the mercy of Allah (Mighty and Majestic) and His wisdom, has permitted non-Muslims to remain on their religions on the condition that they submit to the rulings of the Muslims. And He said, the Exalted: "And take from them
those who do not believe in Allah or in the Last Day
الَّذِينَ لَا يُؤْمِنُونَ بِاللَّهِ وَلَا بِالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِand who do not consider unlawful what Allah and His Messenger have made unlawful
وَلَا يُحَرِّمُونَ مَا حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُuntil they give the jizyah willingly while they are
حَتَّىٰ يُعْطُوا الْجِزْيَةَ عَن يَدٍ وَهُمْIn Sahih Muslim, from the hadith of Buraydah, it is narrated that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), when he appointed a commander over an army or a detachment, would order him to call the people to Allah and to do good to the Muslims with him. In the hadith, he said: "Call them to three things, or among these things: if they accept any of them, then accept it from them and hold back from them. Among these things is that they pay the jizyah." Therefore, the stronger opinion among the views of the scholars is that the jizyah is accepted from non-Jews and non-Christians.
The conclusion is that non-Muslims must either enter Islam or submit to the rulings of Islam. Yes.
Source
دروس وفتاوى المسجد الحرام لعام 1406هـ - 10 — binothaimeen.net (29:44)
The Arabic text is a machine transcription of the audio recording.