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﴿ فَاسْأَلُوا أَهْلَ الذِّكْرِ إِن كُنتُمْ لَا تَعْلَمُونَ ﴾

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Exegesis of the saying of Allah the Exalted: "And do not kill your children out of fear of poverty"

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Question:
May Allah reward you and bless you, Honorable Shaykh. This questioner is from the Yemeni Republic, Sa'dah Governorate. He has a question about a noble verse in Surat al-Isra, in the saying of Allah the Exalted:
And do not kill your children for fear of poverty. We provide for them and for youوَلَا تَقْتُلُوا أَوْلَادَكُمْ خَشْيَةَ إِمْلَاقٍ نَّحْنُ نَرْزُقُهُمْ وَإِيَّاكُمْ
[Al-Isra 17:31]
to the end of the verse.

Answer:
Yes, this is a prohibition against killing children out of fear of poverty. In the pre-Islamic age of ignorance (jahiliyyah), they used to kill their children out of fear of poverty. So Allah revealed this verse and other verses that prohibit the killing of children. In the jahiliyyah, they used to kill children for various reasons. Some would kill a child as worship of the idols,
And likewise, to many of the polytheists their partners have made [to seem] pleasing the killing of their children in order to bring about their destruction and to cover them with confusion in their religionوَكَذَٰلِكَ زَيَّنَ لِكَثِيرٍ مِّنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ قَتْلَ أَوْلَادِهِمْ شُرَكَاؤُهُمْ لِيُرْدُوهُمْ وَلِيَلْبِسُوا عَلَيْهِمْ دِينَهُمْ
[Al-An'am 6:137]
, and they would kill their children to draw near to the idols. Others would kill children out of fear of poverty, as in this verse, out of fear of destitution. Destitution means poverty. They would say that if the children multiply, poverty will occur because we cannot provide for them. Allah (Exalted and Majestic is He) informed that provision is in the hand of Allah the Glorious and Exalted, and that
who created them wasالَّذِي خَلَقَهُمْ هُوَ
[Fussilat 41:15]
is the One who provides for their sustenance. So it is not you who provide for them, but their sustenance is with Allah who created them. We provide for them and for you. Look at how He placed them before the ones being addressed. And He (Glorified and Exalted is He) affirms that He is responsible for their sustenance. Allah did not create a soul except that He creates its sustenance and decrees its sustenance for it. And there is no animal on the earth except that its sustenance is upon Allah. And how many animals do not carry their sustenance? Allah provides for them and for you. Allah. And He is the All-Hearing, the All-Knowing.
So killing children out of fear of poverty is a bad opinion of Allah, and it is among the major sins. It is among the greatest of the major sins, as the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) said:
When he was asked about the greatest of the major sins, he said: Associating partners with Allah (shirk). It was said: Then what? He said: That you kill your child out of fear that he will eat with you.لما سئل عن أكبر الكبائر قال الشرك بالله، قيل ثم ما؟ قال أن تقتل ولدك خشية أن يطعم معك،
It was said: Then what? He said: That you commit unlawful sexual intercourse (zina) with the wife of your neighbor. This is among the most of the major sins.قيل ثم ماذا؟ قال أن تزاني بحليلة جانك هذه من أكثر الكبائر،
. And among the people of the jahiliyyah, some would kill the girls specifically out of fear of disgrace. They called them the buried-alive (al-maw'udah) and the act of burying them alive (al-wa'd). They would kill them in the worst way of killing by burying them in the earth while they are alive. They would die under the earth. And if
the girl [who was] buried alive is asked (9) For what sin she was killedالْمَوْءُودَةُ سُئِلَتْ بِأَيِّ ذَنبٍ قُتِلَتْ
[At-Takwir 81:8-9]
,
(58) And when one of them is informed of [the birth of] a female, his face becomes dark, and he suppresses grief. (59) He hides himself from the people because of the ill of which he has been informed. Should he keep it in humiliation or bury it in the ground? Unquestionably, evil is what they decide.وَإِذَا بُشِّرَ أَحَدُهُم بِالْأُنثَىٰ ظَلَّ وَجْهُهُ مُسْوَدًّا وَهُوَ كَظِيمٌ يَتَوَارَىٰ مِنَ الْقَوْمِ مِن سُوءِ مَا بُشِّرَ بِهِ أَيُمْسِكُهُ عَلَىٰ هُونٍ أَمْ يَدُسُّهُ فِي التُّرَابِ أَلَا سَاءَ مَا يَحْكُمُونَ
[An-Nahl 16:58-59]
?
So he is between two things: either he leaves the girl and humiliates her, or he buries her in the earth, meaning he buries her in the earth until she dies. And this is among the horrors of the matters of the jahiliyyah. It is not far-fetched that those who order population control and compel population control out of fear of scarcity of provisions and scarcity of crops in the present time resemble them. They think that the One who created these creatures is not able to provide for their sustenance, and that they will compete for sustenance, because they do not believe in Allah the Glorious and Exalted, or they do not believe in the divine decree and destiny (qada' wa qadar) of Allah, or they have a bad opinion of Allah the Glorious and Exalted. So they decide, they decide on what they call population control out of fear of scarcity of resources, scarcity of crops, which leads to poverty and poverty. This is the belief of the jahiliyyah. We ask Allah for safety. It is obligatory for the Muslims that this evil idea and this jahiliyyah idea not deceive them, and that they have a good opinion of Allah the Glorious and Exalted. On the contrary, if the children multiply, the good multiplies.
Whatever Allah wills, production increases, because they work and labor and produce, so production increases. And in this way, the number of Muslims also increases, the number of the Muslim community (ummah) increases. So the multiplication of offspring is a good thing for the Muslims.
Source قناة «العلامة الدكتور صالح الفوزان»، 6054- تفسير قوله تعالى( ولا تقتلوا أولادكم خشية إملاق...) - الشيخ صالح الفوزان — youtube.com

The Arabic text is a machine transcription of the audio recording.

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