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﴿ فَاسْأَلُوا أَهْلَ الذِّكْرِ إِن كُنتُمْ لَا تَعْلَمُونَ ﴾

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If a man saves a woman from a fire, does he become a mahram (a relative one may not marry) to her?

Machine translationRead the Arabic original
Question:
May Allah reward you. A man, Honorable Shaykh, saved a woman from a fire and certain death. Does she become his sister, and can she greet him?

Answer:
No. This is a matter discussed among the common people, but it has no basis in the Shari'ah. He does not become a mahram to her. He is a doer of good in that he assisted her and saved her, but he does not become a mahram to her. A mahram is established only through blood relation, adoption, breastfeeding, or marriage. As for merely saving her from a deadly situation, that does not make him a mahram to her. Yes.
Source قناة «العلامة الدكتور صالح الفوزان»، 1653 - من انقذ امرأة من الحريق، هل يصير لها محرما؟ - الشيخ صالح الفوزان — youtube.com

The Arabic text is a machine transcription of the audio recording.

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