In His saying, the Exalted: {And there is not a thing except that it says: Glory be to Him} — does this include the disbeliever?

Question : If someone says: Does the glorification of what is in the heavens and what is on the earth, or of those in the heavens and on the earth, include the disbelievers?

Answer : We say: As for the language of reality, we understand it. But as for the language of speech, no. The disbelievers do not contest Allah, Mighty and Majestic, regarding what is not befitting Him. However, their state indicates the glorification of Allah, Mighty and Majestic, and His being free from all imperfections. So, if a person reflects on a disbeliever, he finds in him evidence of the perfection of Allah, Mighty and Majestic: the perfection of His creation, the perfection of His decree, and the perfection of His management. How He guided this one and led that one astray, and so on. The important point is that we say: The disbeliever glorifies Allah through the language of reality, while others glorify Him through both the language of reality and the language of speech.