Does the tadlis of al-Hasan al-Basri from Samurah imply explicit hearing in all cases, as held by some of the imams such as al-Bukhari, Ibn al-Madini, and al-Tirmidhi?
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The questioner : Praise be to Allah, and may peace and blessings be upon the Messenger of Allah, and upon his family and companions, and whoever follows his path and supports him.
In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.
Does the tadlis of al-Hasan al-Basri from Samurah imply explicit hearing in all cases, as held by some of the imams such as al-Bukhari, Ibn al-Madini, al-Tirmidhi, and Ibn Hajar, and his placing him in the second tier, it being known that the 'an'anah of those in the second tier is taken to imply explicit hearing?
The Shaykh : Indeed, praise is to Allah; we praise Him, seek His help, and seek His forgiveness. We seek refuge in Allah from the evils of our own souls and the badness of our deeds. Whom Allah guides, none can mislead, and whom He leaves to mislead, none can guide. And I bear witness that there is no god but Allah alone, with no partner, and I bear witness that Muhammad is His slave and His Messenger.
As for what follows: The issue of tadlis is among the subtleties of hadith science. Al-Hasan al-Basri (may Allah have mercy on him) is well known for being one of the distinguished Tabi'un who frequently narrated from the Companions of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). However, because of his outspokenness in truth, he would associate with some of the Companions who were not approved of by some of the rulers. So he would be cautious about explicitly naming them, and therefore he would practice tadlis with them. He would frequently narrate, in particular, from Samurah ibn Jundub (may Allah be pleased with him), a Companion of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), without specifying the intermediary or the one who narrated the hadith to him from Samurah (may Allah be pleased with him). Al-Hasan al-Basri was known for this tadlis. Therefore, it is agreed that if he explicitly stated the narration in some hadiths, whether from his narration from Samurah or from other Companions, in that case, no scholar doubts that his hadith is of the highest validity if the chain is sound up to him.
However, if he used 'an'anah and did not explicitly state the narration, some scholars, both past and present, refrain from using his hadith as evidence if he was unique in that hadith and it was not supported by another chain. Al-Hafiz Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani (may Allah have mercy on him), when he compiled *Tabyat al-Mudallis* (The Clarification of the Tadlisers) in his treatise *Tabaqat al-Mudallis* (The Tiers of the Tadlisers), exerted effort and placed each of these tadlisers in various tiers, starting from the first, second, third, and so on. Whoever he included in the first and second tiers, in his view, is one whose hadith is used as evidence and whose tadlis is excused, and he did not include him in the third tier or beyond, because in his view, al-Hasan al-Basri was not one who practiced tadlis frequently.
Here, it should be noted that something is hidden from many students of knowledge: Al-Hafiz Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani (may Allah have mercy on him) was undoubtedly the most knowledgeable person alone in this science, and no woman has given birth to his like.
In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.
Does the tadlis of al-Hasan al-Basri from Samurah imply explicit hearing in all cases, as held by some of the imams such as al-Bukhari, Ibn al-Madini, al-Tirmidhi, and Ibn Hajar, and his placing him in the second tier, it being known that the 'an'anah of those in the second tier is taken to imply explicit hearing?
The Shaykh : Indeed, praise is to Allah; we praise Him, seek His help, and seek His forgiveness. We seek refuge in Allah from the evils of our own souls and the badness of our deeds. Whom Allah guides, none can mislead, and whom He leaves to mislead, none can guide. And I bear witness that there is no god but Allah alone, with no partner, and I bear witness that Muhammad is His slave and His Messenger.
As for what follows: The issue of tadlis is among the subtleties of hadith science. Al-Hasan al-Basri (may Allah have mercy on him) is well known for being one of the distinguished Tabi'un who frequently narrated from the Companions of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). However, because of his outspokenness in truth, he would associate with some of the Companions who were not approved of by some of the rulers. So he would be cautious about explicitly naming them, and therefore he would practice tadlis with them. He would frequently narrate, in particular, from Samurah ibn Jundub (may Allah be pleased with him), a Companion of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), without specifying the intermediary or the one who narrated the hadith to him from Samurah (may Allah be pleased with him). Al-Hasan al-Basri was known for this tadlis. Therefore, it is agreed that if he explicitly stated the narration in some hadiths, whether from his narration from Samurah or from other Companions, in that case, no scholar doubts that his hadith is of the highest validity if the chain is sound up to him.
However, if he used 'an'anah and did not explicitly state the narration, some scholars, both past and present, refrain from using his hadith as evidence if he was unique in that hadith and it was not supported by another chain. Al-Hafiz Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani (may Allah have mercy on him), when he compiled *Tabyat al-Mudallis* (The Clarification of the Tadlisers) in his treatise *Tabaqat al-Mudallis* (The Tiers of the Tadlisers), exerted effort and placed each of these tadlisers in various tiers, starting from the first, second, third, and so on. Whoever he included in the first and second tiers, in his view, is one whose hadith is used as evidence and whose tadlis is excused, and he did not include him in the third tier or beyond, because in his view, al-Hasan al-Basri was not one who practiced tadlis frequently.
Here, it should be noted that something is hidden from many students of knowledge: Al-Hafiz Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani (may Allah have mercy on him) was undoubtedly the most knowledgeable person alone in this science, and no woman has given birth to his like.