In His saying, the Exalted: "And when We took your covenant not to shed your blood," why did He not say "do not shed" instead of "do not shed"?
Machine translationRead the Arabic original
The questioner : The questioner asks about the saying of Allah, Mighty and Majestic: [Al-Baqarah 2:84] Why did He not say "do not shed" instead of "do not shed"?
The Shaykh : This is a grammatical question, but there is no harm in answering it.[Al-Baqarah 2:84] The intent is not to report a prohibition, i.e., that Allah, the Exalted, prohibited them from that, but rather to report the clarification of this covenant. So the phrase "do not shed your blood" is an introductory phrase to clarify this covenant that Allah took from them, and it is not the command itself. Consequently, it became nominative. However, I pose a question to the questioner: Why was the nun not deleted in His saying, the Exalted: [Al-Baqarah 2:237] even though "in" (an) is a nominalizer, and it is known that the nominalizing "in" puts the verb in the accusative case, and if the verb is one of the five verbs and becomes accusative, the nun is deleted. Here, the nun was not deleted. If the questioner is ready for the answer, and we do not see anyone else, why did not Allah, the Exalted, say "except that they pardon" and delete the nun? Who knows? Any person who knows.
The questioner : The nun is the nun of the women.
The Shaykh : The brother says the nun is the nun of the women, and it is not the nun of the nominative case. Is this correct or not? Well, if the nun is the nun of the women, parse it for me. Parse it.
The questioner : A present tense verb in the accusative case.
The Shaykh : No, he is the one who parses it. Parse "except that they pardon."
The questioner : Because what precedes it is known.
The Shaykh : "That they pardon": "in" (an) is a nominalizer that puts the present tense verb in the accusative case, and "they pardon" is a present tense verb built on sukun (silence) in the position of the accusative case. The sukun of the waw makes "they pardon" built on sukun because it is connected to the nun of the women. The nun of "they pardon" is a pronoun built on fath (opening) in the position of the nominative case. And this question is a purely grammatical one. And unfortunately, many people, even the learned, do not know how to parse words. And I urge my brother students to learn parsing, because learning parsing obligates a person to have the rules fixed in his mind. If he does not know parsing, the rules fly away from him.
And [recall] when We took your covenant, [saying], "Do not shed each other's blood
وإذ أخذنا ميثاقكم لا تسفكون دمائكمThe Shaykh : This is a grammatical question, but there is no harm in answering it.
And [recall] when We took your covenant, [saying], "Do not shed each other's blood
وإذ أخذنا ميثاقكم لا تسفكون دمائكمDo not shed your blood
لا تسفكون دمائكمunless they forego the right
إلا أن يعفونThe questioner : The nun is the nun of the women.
The Shaykh : The brother says the nun is the nun of the women, and it is not the nun of the nominative case. Is this correct or not? Well, if the nun is the nun of the women, parse it for me. Parse it.
The questioner : A present tense verb in the accusative case.
The Shaykh : No, he is the one who parses it. Parse "except that they pardon."
The questioner : Because what precedes it is known.
The Shaykh : "That they pardon": "in" (an) is a nominalizer that puts the present tense verb in the accusative case, and "they pardon" is a present tense verb built on sukun (silence) in the position of the accusative case. The sukun of the waw makes "they pardon" built on sukun because it is connected to the nun of the women. The nun of "they pardon" is a pronoun built on fath (opening) in the position of the nominative case. And this question is a purely grammatical one. And unfortunately, many people, even the learned, do not know how to parse words. And I urge my brother students to learn parsing, because learning parsing obligates a person to have the rules fixed in his mind. If he does not know parsing, the rules fly away from him.