Discussion of the types of tadlis; al-taswiyyah and al-sukut.
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The Shaykh : This aligns with the type that drops a narrator to conceal the 'illah (operative cause) in the hadith. It aligns with this, but in a more subtle way than the first method. This type is called tadlis al-taswiyyah (tadlis of leveling) among them.
In the previous type, the muddallis (one who commits tadlis) drops his weak shaykh, so the sanad (chain of narration) appears free from weakness. As for this last type, which is known among them as tadlis al-taswiyyah, he drops the shaykh of his shaykh and says: "Haddathani (narrated to me) so-and-so." Here, the use of "narrated to me" is not effective. He says regarding his shaykh: "Haddathani so-and-so," but when it comes to the shaykh of his shaykh,The Shaykh : he says: "An (from) so-and-so." He has dropped the shaykh.The Shaykh : This either distances the researcher from seeing that there is a break here due to the distance. Therefore, in this type of tadlis, they require that the sanad be continuous with "narrated to me" from the beginning to the end for the isnad to be valid. Each person must say: "Haddathani so-and-so," then: "Haddathani so-and-so," then: "Haddathani," until it reaches the Companion. This is because the researcher fears that the omission is from above, not from the first narrator.
There is another type, even more astonishing; the muhaddith (hadith scholar) says: "Haddathani so-and-so, and he is truthful," and he remains silent. Then he says: "An so-and-so." Between his shaykh and during his silence, in his heart, he suppressed an intermediate narrator, then jumped over it and said: "An so-and-so." This is called tadlis al-sukut (tadlis of silence). All of this is well-known among the scholars of hadith. Whoever among them is first knowledgeable about these types of tadlis, and secondly is careful to distinguish the authentic hadith from the weak one, must observe all these points. The narrators known for these types of tadlis are well-known biographical subjects, each one known for his specific type of tadlis, and so on.
The questioner : May Allah reward you with good.
The Shaykh : And beware of that.
In the previous type, the muddallis (one who commits tadlis) drops his weak shaykh, so the sanad (chain of narration) appears free from weakness. As for this last type, which is known among them as tadlis al-taswiyyah, he drops the shaykh of his shaykh and says: "Haddathani (narrated to me) so-and-so." Here, the use of "narrated to me" is not effective. He says regarding his shaykh: "Haddathani so-and-so," but when it comes to the shaykh of his shaykh,The Shaykh : he says: "An (from) so-and-so." He has dropped the shaykh.The Shaykh : This either distances the researcher from seeing that there is a break here due to the distance. Therefore, in this type of tadlis, they require that the sanad be continuous with "narrated to me" from the beginning to the end for the isnad to be valid. Each person must say: "Haddathani so-and-so," then: "Haddathani so-and-so," then: "Haddathani," until it reaches the Companion. This is because the researcher fears that the omission is from above, not from the first narrator.
There is another type, even more astonishing; the muhaddith (hadith scholar) says: "Haddathani so-and-so, and he is truthful," and he remains silent. Then he says: "An so-and-so." Between his shaykh and during his silence, in his heart, he suppressed an intermediate narrator, then jumped over it and said: "An so-and-so." This is called tadlis al-sukut (tadlis of silence). All of this is well-known among the scholars of hadith. Whoever among them is first knowledgeable about these types of tadlis, and secondly is careful to distinguish the authentic hadith from the weak one, must observe all these points. The narrators known for these types of tadlis are well-known biographical subjects, each one known for his specific type of tadlis, and so on.
The questioner : May Allah reward you with good.
The Shaykh : And beware of that.
Source
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