Definition of Qiyas and an Example of It.
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The Shaykh : But I said that qiyas (analogical reasoning) is either obvious, hidden, or a fortiori. Hidden qiyas is where the danger lies. Obvious qiyas is like what we mentioned earlier regarding prayer on an airplane, by analogy to prayer on a ship. As for a fortiori qiyas, it is one of the clearest forms of analogy and is considered a strong argument against everyone who denies qiyas, such as the Zahiris. Among the evidence for this is the saying of Allah the Exalted in the Noble Qur'an: [Al-Isra 17:23] to the end of the verse. So when Allah the Exalted says: [Al-Isra 17:23], He means do not annoy them with the slightest thing, even with the word "uff." If a parent orders their child to do something and the child says "uff" in a tone of disdain, do you not think that it is a fortiori qiyas that if it is forbidden to say "uff" to a parent, then it is even more forbidden to strike them with an open hand? If it is forbidden to say "uff" to them, then a fortiori, it is forbidden to strike them with an open hand, because that is more harmful. Among the wonders of some of the Zahiris, despite the clarity of this issue, is that they say, "No, this does not establish qiyas. Rather, we take the ruling from the completion of the verse, which is the saying of Allah the Exalted: [Al-Isra 17:23]. So in the generality of , the prohibition of striking with an open hand is included." This is, of course, a rigidity that scholars do not accept. This is the reality of the anomalies of the Zahiris, who were famous in the past, and today some of their school has appeared through the book al-Muhalla by Ibn Hazm (may Allah have mercy on him), even though he was a learned, distinguished scholar and a preserver of hadith, and a skilled critic, if it were not for the sharpness of his tongue and the fluidity of his pen, which he used to overstep the scholars, whether they were from the early generations or his contemporaries. This is what can be mentioned now on the occasion of qiyas.
The questioner : Does striking, linguistically, include ...?
The Shaykh : Yes.
The questioner : Linguistically?
The Shaykh : Yes.
And your Lord has decreed that you not worship except Him, and to parents, good treatment. Whether one or both of them reach old age [while] with you, say not to them [so much as], "uff," and do not repel them but speak to them a noble word.
وقضى ربك ألا تعبدوا إلا إياه وبالوالدين إحسانا إما يبلغن عندك الكبر أحدهما أو كلاهما فلا تقل لهما أف ولا تنهرهما وقل لهما قولا كريماsay not to them [so much as], "uff,"
فلا تقل لهما أفand do not repel them but speak to them a noble word.
ولا تنهرهما وقل لهما قولا كريماNor rebuke them
لا تنهرهماThe questioner : Does striking, linguistically, include ...?
The Shaykh : Yes.
The questioner : Linguistically?
The Shaykh : Yes.