Exegesis of Surat al-Ikhlas.

The Shaykh : The noble verse, or rather the noble surah. Allah the Exalted said: "To whom is it said?" It was said to the polytheists. "Say, O Muhammad." It is known that the address is to Muhammad, but to whom is he to say it? It was said to the polytheists, because they said to the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him), "Describe your Lord to us. Is He of iron, or gold, or silver, or something similar?" This is because they did not know of the gods anything other than what they had carved from statues of stone, wood, or something similar. So Allah revealed this verse. Or, it was said to the Jews who said, "Describe your Lord to us. To whom is He related?" So Allah the Exalted said: "So say, to whom it is, whether from the polytheists, or from the Jews, or from others, He is Allah, the One." It was said that "He" is the pronoun of the one about whom the question was asked, meaning: "Say to the one who asked, 'He,' that is, the one you are asking about, is Allah, the One." And "Allah" is the subject, and "the One" is the second predicate. "The One" means the One who is unique in everything. So He is One in His lordship, One in His divinity, and One in His names and attributes. is also a nominal sentence consisting of a subject and a predicate: "Allah, the Self-Sufficient." It implies restriction because of the definiteness of its two ends. So what is the meaning of "al-Samad"? The most comprehensive of what has been said about it is that He is the Perfect in His attributes, to whom all His creations turn, meaning they seek refuge in Him and need Him. This is the meaning of the statement of Ibn Abbas: "The Perfect in His knowledge, the Perfect in His majesty" and so on. We say He is the Perfect in His attributes, to whom all His creations turn. All His creations are in need of Him in creation, preparation, and provision. Who created them? Who prepared them for what they were created for? Allah. He gave every thing its form and then guided it. And who provided for them? Allah (Mighty and Majestic). So all creations turn to Allah the Exalted. is a refutation of those who claimed that He has a child, like the polytheists who said the angels are the daughters of Allah, the Christians who said Jesus is the son of Allah, and the Jews who said Uzayr is the son of Allah. So He did not beget, and it is not possible for Him to beget (Glorified and Exalted is He), because begetting only occurs for the deficient in order for their kind to remain. Man is deficient, and were it not for reproduction, what would happen? He would not remain. Therefore, in Paradise, they do not reproduce because they are in no need of it, since they are immortal forever. So He did not beget, and if He had a child, He would need a wife, and it is known that Allah has no wife, He is free from that...