The Book of Faith-08a
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The reciter: Abu Bakr ibn Abi Shaybah and Ibn al-Muthanna narrated to us from Muhammad ibn Ja'far from Shu'bah from Mansur. And Ibn Numayr narrated to us, saying: 'Affan narrated to us, saying: Shu'bah narrated to us from al-A'mash. Both of them narrated from Abu Wa'il from 'Abdullah from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) to the same effect.
The Shaykh : His statement:Sahih Muslim 64a indicates that there is a distinction between open sinfulness and disbelief, and the more severe of the two is disbelief. However, open sinfulness may be used to refer to disbelief, such as His saying, the Exalted: [As-Sajdah 32:20] These are undoubtedly disbelievers, because one who denies the Fire is a disbeliever, and Allah the Exalted called that open sinfulness, but this is the greater open sinfulness.
And his cursing: means reviling him, criticizing him, and disparaging him in his presence. If it is done in his absence, it is backbiting. And his statement: and he did not say "fighting him is disbelief," from which it is inferred that fighting a believer does not take one out of faith, but it is one of the characteristics of disbelief.
And this is indicated by His saying, the Exalted:[Al-Hujurat 49:9] up to His saying: [Al-Hujurat 49:10]
The Shaykh : His statement:
Abusing a Muslim is an outrage and fighting against him is unbelief
سباب المسلم فسوق وقتاله كفرBut as for those who defiantly disobeyed, their refuge is the Fire. Every time they wish to emerge from it, they will be returned to it while it is said to them, "Taste the punishment of the Fire which you used to deny."
وأما الذين فسقوا فمأواهم النار كلما أرادوا أن يخرجوا منها أعيدوا فيها وقيل لهم ذوقوا عذاب النار التي كنتم بها تكذبونAnd his cursing: means reviling him, criticizing him, and disparaging him in his presence. If it is done in his absence, it is backbiting. And his statement:
Fighting him is disbelief
قتاله كفرAnd this is indicated by His saying, the Exalted: