Reading from the author's words, with commentary and collation of manuscripts: "Then the Exalted described each of the two groups by their actions toward themselves
Machine translationRead the Arabic original
The reader: "Then the Exalted described each of the two groups by their actions toward themselves and toward others. The words of Allah are comprehensive. This is because a person's actions related to his religion are of two types:
First: that he acts and refrains.
Second: that he commands others to act and refrain.
Then his action is either one in which he alone benefits, or one in which he benefits others. Thus, the categories are three, with no fourth.
The first is what is performed by the actor and does not concern others, such as prayer, for example.
The second is what he does to benefit others, such as zakah.
The third is what he commands others to do, so that the other person is the actor, and his share is the command to do it.
So the Exalted said in describing the hypocrites:[At-Tawbah 9:67] And opposite to that in describing the believers: [Ali 'Imran 3:104]. And what is right (al-ma'ruf) is a comprehensive name for everything Allah loves, from faith and righteous deeds.
And what is wrong (al-munkar) is a comprehensive name for everything Allah has forbidden".
The Shaykh : This is a good definition of what is right and what is wrong. That is, what is right is not what people know and are accustomed to, because people may know and be accustomed to things that are among the greatest wrongs. And what is wrong is not everything people reject, because some people reject what is right and righteous deeds. The criterion and reference is what is known in the Shari'ah. So what is known in the Shari'ah, approved, and commanded is what is right. And what is rejected in the Shari'ah and not approved is what is wrong, whether people approve it or not. This criterion is from Shaykh al-Islam (may Allah have mercy on him), and you may not find it in the words of others. So what is right is what Allah and His Messenger commanded, and what is wrong is what? What they forbade. And what is right is not what is known among people, nor is what is wrong what is rejected among them. Yes.
First: that he acts and refrains.
Second: that he commands others to act and refrain.
Then his action is either one in which he alone benefits, or one in which he benefits others. Thus, the categories are three, with no fourth.
The first is what is performed by the actor and does not concern others, such as prayer, for example.
The second is what he does to benefit others, such as zakah.
The third is what he commands others to do, so that the other person is the actor, and his share is the command to do it.
So the Exalted said in describing the hypocrites:
They enjoin what is wrong and forbid what is right
يأمرون بالمنكر وينهون عن المعروفenjoining what is right and forbidding what is wrong
يأمرون بالمعروف وينهون عن المنكرAnd what is wrong (al-munkar) is a comprehensive name for everything Allah has forbidden".
The Shaykh : This is a good definition of what is right and what is wrong. That is, what is right is not what people know and are accustomed to, because people may know and be accustomed to things that are among the greatest wrongs. And what is wrong is not everything people reject, because some people reject what is right and righteous deeds. The criterion and reference is what is known in the Shari'ah. So what is known in the Shari'ah, approved, and commanded is what is right. And what is rejected in the Shari'ah and not approved is what is wrong, whether people approve it or not. This criterion is from Shaykh al-Islam (may Allah have mercy on him), and you may not find it in the words of others. So what is right is what Allah and His Messenger commanded, and what is wrong is what? What they forbade. And what is right is not what is known among people, nor is what is wrong what is rejected among them. Yes.