Reading from the author's words with commentary on them and collating the manuscripts: "Chapter: As for fasting on the days of the disbelievers' festivals, specifically by fasting
Machine translationRead the Arabic original
The reader: "Chapter: As for fasting on the days of the disbelievers' festivals, specifically by fasting, such as fasting on the day of Nayruz and Mihraj, which are two days the Persians hold in high regard, there is disagreement regarding them; because the difference is achieved either by fasting, or by not specifying it with any act at all
So we will mention fasting on the day of Saturday first, and that is because Thawr ibn Yazid narrated from Khalid ibn Ma'dan from 'Abdullah ibn Busr al-Sulami from his sister al-Sama' that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) saidSunan Abi Dawud 2421Sahih (Al-Albani) and in another wording As-Sunan al-Kubra lil-Nasa'i 13:353 It was narrated by the people of the four Sunan, and al-Tirmidhi said: "This is a good hadith." And al-Nasa'i narrated it from other routes from Khalid and 'Abdullah ibn Busr, and he also narrated it from al-Sama' from 'A'ishah
And the companions and the rest of the scholars differed in it. Abu Bakr al-Athram said: I heard Abu 'Abdullah being asked about fasting on the day of Saturday specifically, so he said: As for fasting on the day of Saturday specifically, there has come in that the hadith of al-Sama', meaning the hadith of Thawr ibn Yazid "
The Shaykh : Thawr
The reader: "meaning the hadith of Thawr ibn Yazid from Khalid ibn Ma'dan from 'Abdullah ibn Busr from his sister al-Sama' from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him)Sunan Ibn Majah 1726Hasan (Darussalam) Abu 'Abdullah said: And Yahya ibn Sa'id avoided it and refused to narrate it to me, although he had heard it from Thawr. He said: So I heard it from Abu 'A'ism. Al-Athram said: And the evidence of Abu 'Abdullah for the dispensation in fasting on the day of Saturday: that all the hadiths are contrary to the hadith of 'Abdullah ibn Busr, among them the hadith of Umm Salama when
And among them is the hadith of Juwayriyah
And the hadith of Abu HurayrahSunan Ibn Majah 1723Sahih (Darussalam)
So the day after it is the day of Saturday. And among them: that he used to fast the whole of Sha'ban, and in it is the day of Saturday
And among them: that he commanded fasting in Muharram, and among them: that he [commanded] fasting in Muharram, and in it "
The Shaykh : Yes
The reader: And in it
The Shaykh : Yes
The reader: And in it
The Shaykh : I do not have this [text] regarding fasting in Muharram
The reader: Yes, exactly
The Shaykh : And in it is the day of Saturday
The reader: And in it is the day of Saturday, meaning
The Shaykh : Or the day of Saturday
The reader: "And in it is the day of Saturday, and he said: 'Whoever fasts Ramadan and follows it with six days of Shawwal,' and in them may be the day of Saturday. And he commanded fasting on the white days"
The Shaykh : It may be that it is certain that the day of Saturday is in them
The student: No.
The Shaykh : No, not really
The student: ...
The Shaykh : If the festival becomes on Friday, the six days end before the day of Saturday, yes, that is right
The student: This was pointed out
The Shaykh : If the festival is on Friday, the six days end before Saturday
The student: ...
The Shaykh : Glory be to Allah, if the festival is on Friday, the six days end before Saturday, and what are you doing, people?
The student: ...
The Shaykh : Saturday, Sunday, Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, how many is that? Six. He breaks his fast on Friday
The student: If the festival is on Saturday
The Shaykh : I don't want to argue, people. If 'Id al-Fitr is on Friday, the six days end before the day of Saturday. That is fine. And if it is on Saturday, it also ends before the day of Saturday. The important thing is that the Shaykh's (may Allah have mercy on him) words are good. He said: "And in them may be the day of Saturday." Yes
The reader: "And he commanded fasting on the white days, and in them may be the day of Saturday. And like this is much. So this is al-Athram, and he understood from the words of Abu 'Abdullah that he hesitated about taking the hadith, and that he permitted its fasting"
The Shaykh : Permitted
The reader: "And that he permitted its fasting, where he mentioned the hadith that is argued with in the dislike, and mentioned that the imam"
The Shaykh : And what do you have? And mentioned the hadith
The reader: "Where he mentioned the hadith that is argued with"
The Shaykh : I have, it is not clear. It is "argued with"
The student: Argued with
The Shaykh : Argued with, that is better
The reader: "The hadith that is argued with in the dislike, and mentioned that the imam in the defects of hadith"
The Shaykh : Defects
The student: In the defects of hadith
The Shaykh : Ah?
The student: In the defects of hadith
The Shaykh : And what comes after it
The student: Yahya ibn Sa'id
The Shaykh : Here, what you have is better. What I have is not straight. "That the imam in the defects of hadith" means that the imam Ahmad mentioned that the imam in the defects of hadith, who is the imam of the defects of hadith? Yahya ibn Sa'id
The reader: Meaning, and mentioned that the imam in the defects of hadith
The Shaykh : That the imam in the defects of hadith means that the one who is the imam in the defects of hadith is Yahya ibn Sa'id, the imam, yes
The reader: Yes "And mentioned that the imam in the defects of hadith, Yahya ibn Sa'id, avoided it and refused to narrate it, so this is a weakening of the hadith. And al-Athram argued with what the mass-transmitted texts indicated regarding fasting on the day of Saturday, and it is not said: the prohibition is to be understood as specifying it; because its wording isSunan Ibn Majah 1726Hasan (Darussalam) and the exception is evidence of inclusion, and this necessitates that the hadith"
The Shaykh : Inclusion
The reciter: "And the exception is evidence of inclusion. This necessitates that the hadith generalizes fasting in every way. Otherwise, if it were intended to refer to singling it out, the obligatory fast would not be included to be excepted, for there is no singling out in it. Therefore, its exception is evidence that other types are included. This is unlike the case of Friday, where it is made clear that the prohibition is only against singling it out. On this basis, the hadith is either anomalous and not preserved, or abrogated. This is the method of the early companions of Ahmad who studied with him, such as al-Athram and Abu Dawud.
Abu Dawud said, "This is an abrogated hadith." Abu Dawud mentioned, through his chain of narration, from Ibn Shihab that he used to say when it was mentioned to him that "
So we will mention fasting on the day of Saturday first, and that is because Thawr ibn Yazid narrated from Khalid ibn Ma'dan from 'Abdullah ibn Busr al-Sulami from his sister al-Sama' that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said
Do not fast on Saturday except what has been made obligatory on you; and if one of you can get nothing but a grape skin or a piece of wood from a tree
لا تصوموا يوم السبت إلا فيما افترض عليكم وإن لم يجد أحدكم إلا لحاء عنب أو عود شجرةexcept a grape stalk or a tree branch, let him chew it.
إلا عود عنب أو لحاء شجرة فليمضغهAnd the companions and the rest of the scholars differed in it. Abu Bakr al-Athram said: I heard Abu 'Abdullah being asked about fasting on the day of Saturday specifically, so he said: As for fasting on the day of Saturday specifically, there has come in that the hadith of al-Sama', meaning the hadith of Thawr ibn Yazid "
The Shaykh : Thawr
The reader: "meaning the hadith of Thawr ibn Yazid from Khalid ibn Ma'dan from 'Abdullah ibn Busr from his sister al-Sama' from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him)
Do not fast on Saturdays apart from days when you are obliged to fast
لا تصوموا يوم السبت إلا فيما افترض عليكمI was asked which days the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) fasted the most, and she said, "Saturday and Sunday."
سئلت أي الأيام كان رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم أكثر صياما لها فقالت السبت والأحدAnd among them is the hadith of Juwayriyah
That the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said to her on a Friday, "Did you fast yesterday?" She said, "No." He said, "Do you want to fast tomorrow?" The day after that was Saturday.
أن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم قال لها يوم الجمعة أصمت أمس قالت لا قال تريدين أن تصومي غدا فالغد هو يوم السبتAnd the hadith of Abu Hurayrah
The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) forbade fasting on a Friday unless it (is joined to) the day before or the day after.
نهى النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم عن صوم يوم الجمعة إلا بيوم قبله أو يوم بعدهSo the day after it is the day of Saturday. And among them: that he used to fast the whole of Sha'ban, and in it is the day of Saturday
And among them: that he commanded fasting in Muharram, and among them: that he [commanded] fasting in Muharram, and in it "
The Shaykh : Yes
The reader: And in it
The Shaykh : Yes
The reader: And in it
The Shaykh : I do not have this [text] regarding fasting in Muharram
The reader: Yes, exactly
The Shaykh : And in it is the day of Saturday
The reader: And in it is the day of Saturday, meaning
The Shaykh : Or the day of Saturday
The reader: "And in it is the day of Saturday, and he said: 'Whoever fasts Ramadan and follows it with six days of Shawwal,' and in them may be the day of Saturday. And he commanded fasting on the white days"
The Shaykh : It may be that it is certain that the day of Saturday is in them
The student: No.
The Shaykh : No, not really
The student: ...
The Shaykh : If the festival becomes on Friday, the six days end before the day of Saturday, yes, that is right
The student: This was pointed out
The Shaykh : If the festival is on Friday, the six days end before Saturday
The student: ...
The Shaykh : Glory be to Allah, if the festival is on Friday, the six days end before Saturday, and what are you doing, people?
The student: ...
The Shaykh : Saturday, Sunday, Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, how many is that? Six. He breaks his fast on Friday
The student: If the festival is on Saturday
The Shaykh : I don't want to argue, people. If 'Id al-Fitr is on Friday, the six days end before the day of Saturday. That is fine. And if it is on Saturday, it also ends before the day of Saturday. The important thing is that the Shaykh's (may Allah have mercy on him) words are good. He said: "And in them may be the day of Saturday." Yes
The reader: "And he commanded fasting on the white days, and in them may be the day of Saturday. And like this is much. So this is al-Athram, and he understood from the words of Abu 'Abdullah that he hesitated about taking the hadith, and that he permitted its fasting"
The Shaykh : Permitted
The reader: "And that he permitted its fasting, where he mentioned the hadith that is argued with in the dislike, and mentioned that the imam"
The Shaykh : And what do you have? And mentioned the hadith
The reader: "Where he mentioned the hadith that is argued with"
The Shaykh : I have, it is not clear. It is "argued with"
The student: Argued with
The Shaykh : Argued with, that is better
The reader: "The hadith that is argued with in the dislike, and mentioned that the imam in the defects of hadith"
The Shaykh : Defects
The student: In the defects of hadith
The Shaykh : Ah?
The student: In the defects of hadith
The Shaykh : And what comes after it
The student: Yahya ibn Sa'id
The Shaykh : Here, what you have is better. What I have is not straight. "That the imam in the defects of hadith" means that the imam Ahmad mentioned that the imam in the defects of hadith, who is the imam of the defects of hadith? Yahya ibn Sa'id
The reader: Meaning, and mentioned that the imam in the defects of hadith
The Shaykh : That the imam in the defects of hadith means that the one who is the imam in the defects of hadith is Yahya ibn Sa'id, the imam, yes
The reader: Yes "And mentioned that the imam in the defects of hadith, Yahya ibn Sa'id, avoided it and refused to narrate it, so this is a weakening of the hadith. And al-Athram argued with what the mass-transmitted texts indicated regarding fasting on the day of Saturday, and it is not said: the prohibition is to be understood as specifying it; because its wording is
Do not fast on Saturdays apart from days when you are obliged to fast
لا تصوموا يوم السبت إلا فيما افترض عليكمThe Shaykh : Inclusion
The reciter: "And the exception is evidence of inclusion. This necessitates that the hadith generalizes fasting in every way. Otherwise, if it were intended to refer to singling it out, the obligatory fast would not be included to be excepted, for there is no singling out in it. Therefore, its exception is evidence that other types are included. This is unlike the case of Friday, where it is made clear that the prohibition is only against singling it out. On this basis, the hadith is either anomalous and not preserved, or abrogated. This is the method of the early companions of Ahmad who studied with him, such as al-Athram and Abu Dawud.
Abu Dawud said, "This is an abrogated hadith." Abu Dawud mentioned, through his chain of narration, from Ibn Shihab that he used to say when it was mentioned to him that "