Explanation of the words of Ibn Malik (may Allah have mercy on him): . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . And those like *sa'ira* *** likewise, with them, the subject and the predicate are made accusative.
Machine translationRead the Arabic original
The Shaykh : We now begin a new lesson. The author said:
"And those like *sa'ira* *** likewise, with them, the subject and the predicate are made accusative"
*Allati* (those): subject
*Ka-sa'ira* (like *sa'ira*): preposition and its object, but *sa'ira* is a verb, and its form was intended, so the *kaf* entered it, meaning "those like this verb." The preposition and its object are connected to a deleted relative clause.
*Wa-aydan* (likewise): a verbal noun from which the operator was deleted obligatorily, and it is from *a'ada* (to return).
"With them, the subject and the predicate are made accusative"
*Biha* (with them): preposition and its object, connected to *ansib* (make accusative).
*Wa-ansib* (and make accusative): imperative verb, and its subject is hidden obligatorily, estimated as "you."
*Mubtada* (subject): direct object.
*Wa-khabara* (and predicate): conjoined to it, and the sentence is the predicate of *allati*. "Those like *sa'ira*, with them, the subject and the predicate are made accusative."
The words of the author (may Allah have mercy on him): "Those" means "and the verbs that are like *sa'ira*," meaning those that mean *sa'ira* (to make/turn), make the subject and the predicate accusative with them. So they make two direct objects, the original forms of which are the subject and the predicate.
An example of that is: "I made iron a door," meaning "I made" means "I turned" and "I established." Good.
You say: "I took so-and-so as a friend," meaning yes, meaning "I made."
And you also say: "I turned white into black," meaning "I made." And from this, in my opinion:
"He turned their black hair white *** and their white faces black"
The evidence is his saying: "their black hair white" Good.
[An-Nisa 4:125] Like it?
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : Good. Make the subject and the predicate accusative. So, every verb that means *sa'ira* (to make/turn) that enters upon a subject and a predicate, it makes them accusative, like *zanna* (to think) and its sisters. In fact, it is one of the sisters of *zanna*.
Then he said, (may Allah have mercy on him):
"And those like *sa'ira* *** likewise, with them, the subject and the predicate are made accusative"
*Allati* (those): subject
*Ka-sa'ira* (like *sa'ira*): preposition and its object, but *sa'ira* is a verb, and its form was intended, so the *kaf* entered it, meaning "those like this verb." The preposition and its object are connected to a deleted relative clause.
*Wa-aydan* (likewise): a verbal noun from which the operator was deleted obligatorily, and it is from *a'ada* (to return).
"With them, the subject and the predicate are made accusative"
*Biha* (with them): preposition and its object, connected to *ansib* (make accusative).
*Wa-ansib* (and make accusative): imperative verb, and its subject is hidden obligatorily, estimated as "you."
*Mubtada* (subject): direct object.
*Wa-khabara* (and predicate): conjoined to it, and the sentence is the predicate of *allati*. "Those like *sa'ira*, with them, the subject and the predicate are made accusative."
The words of the author (may Allah have mercy on him): "Those" means "and the verbs that are like *sa'ira*," meaning those that mean *sa'ira* (to make/turn), make the subject and the predicate accusative with them. So they make two direct objects, the original forms of which are the subject and the predicate.
An example of that is: "I made iron a door," meaning "I made" means "I turned" and "I established." Good.
You say: "I took so-and-so as a friend," meaning yes, meaning "I made."
And you also say: "I turned white into black," meaning "I made." And from this, in my opinion:
"He turned their black hair white *** and their white faces black"
The evidence is his saying: "their black hair white" Good.
And Allah took Abraham as an intimate friend.
اتخذ الله إبراهيم خليلاThe student: Yes.
The Shaykh : Good. Make the subject and the predicate accusative. So, every verb that means *sa'ira* (to make/turn) that enters upon a subject and a predicate, it makes them accusative, like *zanna* (to think) and its sisters. In fact, it is one of the sisters of *zanna*.
Then he said, (may Allah have mercy on him):