How a traveler prays behind a resident, and vice versa
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Question:
This is a letter from the questioner (A. M.) from Riyadh. He has two questions in his letter. In his first question, he asks: What is the ruling on following in prayer one who shortens his prayer while the other completes it, or the reverse, and how do they do it?
Answer:
If one who shortens the prayer leads one who completes it, then when he finishes his prayer of two rak'ahs, the resident stands up and completes four. If the imam is the traveler, he prays two, and then when he says the taslim, the one behind him stands up and prays four, if they are residents and not travelers. The travelers say the taslim with him. This is if the imam is the traveler.
As for when the imam is the resident and the travelers are behind him, they complete the prayer with him, and they do not have the option to shorten it. Rather, they complete four with him, and they do not shorten behind one who completes four. This is based on what is established in the authentic hadith of Ibn 'Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him and his father) that he was asked about one who prays behind the imam. They said to him: [O Abu al-'Abbas, why is it that when we pray behind the imam we pray four, and when we pray in our camps we pray two?] He said: "This is the Sunnah." Ahmad narrated it in his Musnad with a good chain, and it is in Sahih Muslim.
This indicates that praying with the imam must be completed as four; because the traveler’s prayer with the imam is completed as four, with the imam of the mosque, with the imam of the town. However, if he prays behind travelers, he is of the same kind as the travelers and prays two. But when the traveler prays behind one of the residents who prays four, he completes four and does not shorten behind him while he is a resident. This is the Sunnah: that the traveler completes the prayer behind the resident, while the resident behind the traveler completes his prayer when the traveler says the taslim. Yes.
The presenter: May Allah bless you.
This is a letter from the questioner (A. M.) from Riyadh. He has two questions in his letter. In his first question, he asks: What is the ruling on following in prayer one who shortens his prayer while the other completes it, or the reverse, and how do they do it?
Answer:
If one who shortens the prayer leads one who completes it, then when he finishes his prayer of two rak'ahs, the resident stands up and completes four. If the imam is the traveler, he prays two, and then when he says the taslim, the one behind him stands up and prays four, if they are residents and not travelers. The travelers say the taslim with him. This is if the imam is the traveler.
As for when the imam is the resident and the travelers are behind him, they complete the prayer with him, and they do not have the option to shorten it. Rather, they complete four with him, and they do not shorten behind one who completes four. This is based on what is established in the authentic hadith of Ibn 'Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him and his father) that he was asked about one who prays behind the imam. They said to him: [O Abu al-'Abbas, why is it that when we pray behind the imam we pray four, and when we pray in our camps we pray two?] He said: "This is the Sunnah." Ahmad narrated it in his Musnad with a good chain, and it is in Sahih Muslim.
This indicates that praying with the imam must be completed as four; because the traveler’s prayer with the imam is completed as four, with the imam of the mosque, with the imam of the town. However, if he prays behind travelers, he is of the same kind as the travelers and prays two. But when the traveler prays behind one of the residents who prays four, he completes four and does not shorten behind him while he is a resident. This is the Sunnah: that the traveler completes the prayer behind the resident, while the resident behind the traveler completes his prayer when the traveler says the taslim. Yes.
The presenter: May Allah bless you.
Source
binbaz.org.sa
The Arabic text is copied verbatim from the original source, without any edits.