Continuation of the explanation of the words of Ibn Malik (may Allah have mercy on him): . . . .
Machine translationRead the Arabic original
The Shaykh : He said:
"And both *** both":
It is also emphasized with "both" (kila) and "both" (kiltā), but they are not used to emphasize anything other than the dual. So you say: "The two men stood up, both of them," and "I saw the two women, hmm?"
The student: Both of them.
The Shaykh : Both of them?
The student: Both of them.
The Shaykh : Both of them, yes. And "I saw the two women, both of them," yes. Good. So: "kila" and "kiltā" are for comprehensiveness, but they are specific to the dual. And "kull" (all/every): for what?
The student: For the plural.
The Shaykh : For the plural. He said:
"All together": Also, "all together" (jami'an) is used for emphasis. It is possible that his saying: "all together", refers back to "kull," "kila," and "kiltā," meaning that all these three must be connected with a pronoun. There is a possibility in the author's wording. And there is no doubt that "jami'" is used for emphasis, or not?
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : So you say: "The people came, all of them." But if it is not made possessive, it becomes a state (hal) rather than emphasis.[Al-A'raf 7:158]: What do you say? This is not emphasis because it was not connected with a pronoun. If it is connected with the pronoun of the emphasized word, it becomes emphasis. You say: "The people came, all of them," and "I saw the people, all of them," and "I passed by the people, all of them."
And his saying: "connected with the pronoun":
It refers back to all four words: "kull," hmm, and what else?
The student: And "kila."
The Shaykh : And "kila," and "kiltā," and "jami'." If it is not connected with a pronoun, it does not function as emphasis, as Allah the Exalted said:[Ya-Sin 36:32], [Ya-Sin 36:32]. Here there is no emphasis, hmm?
The student:[Hud 11:111] .
The Shaykh : Yes:[Hud 11:111]. He said: hmm. Here it did not become emphasis. Why? Because it was not made possessive with a pronoun. [At-Tariq 86:4]: "Kull" here is a subject (mubtada'), it is not emphasis, because it was not made possessive with a pronoun. But it must be made possessive with a pronoun, and preceded by what is being emphasized. For example: "Indeed, the people, all of them, are understanding."
Good. "Jami'" (all) is like what? Hmm, yes, like!
The student: Itself.
The Shaykh : Itself. If it is made possessive with the pronoun of the emphasized word, it becomes emphasis; otherwise, it is according to the grammatical factors.
"And they also used":
"They used": The pronoun refers back to the Arabs.
The student: We have not taken the grammatical analysis, O Shaykh.
The Shaykh : Huh?
The student: We have not taken the grammatical analysis of the verse.
The Shaykh : Did we start?!
The student: We will take the grammatical analysis of the verse.
The Shaykh : If you like, shall we analyze it?
The student: But, may Allah reward you with good.
The Shaykh : Good, do you agree to its analysis? "Mention 'kila' in comprehensiveness":
"Kila": This is a fronted object for "mention." "Kila" is a fronted object for "mention." And his saying: "and kila" is conjoined to "kila," meaning "and also mention kila." And "kiltā" is conjoined to "kila," and "jami'an" is conjoined to it, but with the omission of the conjunction. For what? Hmm?
The student: Necessity.
The Shaykh : The necessity of poetry.
"connected with the pronoun":
"With the pronoun" is connected to his saying: "mention." And "muwasalan" (connected) is a state (hal), a state of what preceded it, meaning the state of being connected with the pronoun. It is permissible to say: "with the pronoun" is connected to his saying "muwasalan." The estimated meaning of the verse is: "And mention kila, and kila, and kiltā, and jami'an in comprehensiveness, connected with the pronoun." This is the grammatical analysis of the verse. And the rule from it—even though we also forgot the rule, because it is the goal of the rule from the verse—the rule from the verse is: "That one emphasizes with kull, kila, kiltā, and jami', made possessive with the pronoun of the emphasized word". Is that right, O Muhammad? Do you understand? Hmm?
The student: I am trying to understand.
The Shaykh : Yes?
The student: I am trying.
The Shaykh : No, if you understand, it means you emphasize with "kull," you say: "The people came, all of them," emphasis for "the people." And you emphasize with "kila" and "kiltā" in the dual: "The two men stood up, both of them," and "I saw the two women, both of them." And with "jami'": "The people came, all of them." Yes.
"And both *** both":
It is also emphasized with "both" (kila) and "both" (kiltā), but they are not used to emphasize anything other than the dual. So you say: "The two men stood up, both of them," and "I saw the two women, hmm?"
The student: Both of them.
The Shaykh : Both of them?
The student: Both of them.
The Shaykh : Both of them, yes. And "I saw the two women, both of them," yes. Good. So: "kila" and "kiltā" are for comprehensiveness, but they are specific to the dual. And "kull" (all/every): for what?
The student: For the plural.
The Shaykh : For the plural. He said:
"All together": Also, "all together" (jami'an) is used for emphasis. It is possible that his saying: "all together", refers back to "kull," "kila," and "kiltā," meaning that all these three must be connected with a pronoun. There is a possibility in the author's wording. And there is no doubt that "jami'" is used for emphasis, or not?
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : So you say: "The people came, all of them." But if it is not made possessive, it becomes a state (hal) rather than emphasis.
Say, [O Muhammad], "O mankind, indeed I am the Messenger of Allah to you all
قل يا أيها الناس إني رسول الله إليكم جميعًاAnd his saying: "connected with the pronoun":
It refers back to all four words: "kull," hmm, and what else?
The student: And "kila."
The Shaykh : And "kila," and "kiltā," and "jami'." If it is not connected with a pronoun, it does not function as emphasis, as Allah the Exalted said:
And indeed, all of them will yet be brought present before Us.
وإن كلاً لمـَّا جميعٌ لدينا محضرونAnd indeed, all of them will yet be brought present before Us.
وإن كلاً لمـَّا جميعٌ لدينا محضرونThe student:
And indeed, each [of the believers and disbelievers] - your Lord
وإنَّ كلاً لمـَّا لَيُوفِيَنَّهُم ربكThe Shaykh : Yes:
And indeed, each [of the believers and disbelievers] - your Lord will fully compensate them for their deeds
وإنَّ كلاً لمـَّا لَيُوفِيَنَّهُم ربكَ أعمالهمIndeed, every one
إنَّ كُلًاThere is no soul but that it has
إن كلُ نفس لما عليهاGood. "Jami'" (all) is like what? Hmm, yes, like!
The student: Itself.
The Shaykh : Itself. If it is made possessive with the pronoun of the emphasized word, it becomes emphasis; otherwise, it is according to the grammatical factors.
"And they also used":
"They used": The pronoun refers back to the Arabs.
The student: We have not taken the grammatical analysis, O Shaykh.
The Shaykh : Huh?
The student: We have not taken the grammatical analysis of the verse.
The Shaykh : Did we start?!
The student: We will take the grammatical analysis of the verse.
The Shaykh : If you like, shall we analyze it?
The student: But, may Allah reward you with good.
The Shaykh : Good, do you agree to its analysis? "Mention 'kila' in comprehensiveness":
"Kila": This is a fronted object for "mention." "Kila" is a fronted object for "mention." And his saying: "and kila" is conjoined to "kila," meaning "and also mention kila." And "kiltā" is conjoined to "kila," and "jami'an" is conjoined to it, but with the omission of the conjunction. For what? Hmm?
The student: Necessity.
The Shaykh : The necessity of poetry.
"connected with the pronoun":
"With the pronoun" is connected to his saying: "mention." And "muwasalan" (connected) is a state (hal), a state of what preceded it, meaning the state of being connected with the pronoun. It is permissible to say: "with the pronoun" is connected to his saying "muwasalan." The estimated meaning of the verse is: "And mention kila, and kila, and kiltā, and jami'an in comprehensiveness, connected with the pronoun." This is the grammatical analysis of the verse. And the rule from it—even though we also forgot the rule, because it is the goal of the rule from the verse—the rule from the verse is: "That one emphasizes with kull, kila, kiltā, and jami', made possessive with the pronoun of the emphasized word". Is that right, O Muhammad? Do you understand? Hmm?
The student: I am trying to understand.
The Shaykh : Yes?
The student: I am trying.
The Shaykh : No, if you understand, it means you emphasize with "kull," you say: "The people came, all of them," emphasis for "the people." And you emphasize with "kila" and "kiltā" in the dual: "The two men stood up, both of them," and "I saw the two women, both of them." And with "jami'": "The people came, all of them." Yes.