What is the advice for one who has sworn not to guarantee anyone until he relieves himself of the potential problems?
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Question:
May Allah reward you with good and do you good. He says in another case: I guaranteed a person for a loan, but this person did not pay it off, and the letters addressed to my workplace demanding payment multiplied, as well as demands from the police, until the installments were deducted from my salary. I said to myself, why this hardship? I swore that I would never guarantee anyone again and would relieve myself of these problems and the comings and goings to the police station. And indeed, I swore that I would never guarantee anyone again. But Honorable Shaykh, not everyone delays payment, and a person needs his brothers in many things, and doing good is required. Helping the needy is recommended. So do you advise me, Honorable Shaykh, to break my oath and pay the expiation for the oath? May Allah reward you.
Answer:
Yes, guaranteeing is a contract and a kindness and benefit for the Muslims, an expansion of ease for the Muslims, especially for one who is in need and is unable to obtain land or a loan except with a guarantor. This is helping in good and helping in benefit. Allah the Exalted said:[Al-Ma'idah 5:2] The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1425Sahih (Darussalam) Guaranteeing contains help for the Muslim and doing good and kindness. And as the questioner mentioned, not everyone is a delayer who harasses the guarantor and puts him in a difficult position. Rather, many people, and the truth belongs to Allah, are at a level of morality, religion, and trustworthiness. They only need guarantors to strengthen their standing and establish trust in them among people. Since you have sworn not to guarantee anyone, the matter in that is easy, and praise be to Allah. It is that you pay the expiation for your oath and guarantee those who deserve guarantee among your Muslim brothers.
Because this is an oath to leave off doing good. And the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said:Sahih al-Bukhari 7555 Allah the Exalted says: [Al-Baqarah 2:224] That is, a person should not swear to leave off doing good. This is a prohibition from Allah the Exalted to make the oath by Allah a barrier between the servant and doing good. And the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) clarified what is required in that, which is that he pays the expiation for his oath and does the good, and praise be to Allah. Yes.
May Allah reward you with good and do you good. He says in another case: I guaranteed a person for a loan, but this person did not pay it off, and the letters addressed to my workplace demanding payment multiplied, as well as demands from the police, until the installments were deducted from my salary. I said to myself, why this hardship? I swore that I would never guarantee anyone again and would relieve myself of these problems and the comings and goings to the police station. And indeed, I swore that I would never guarantee anyone again. But Honorable Shaykh, not everyone delays payment, and a person needs his brothers in many things, and doing good is required. Helping the needy is recommended. So do you advise me, Honorable Shaykh, to break my oath and pay the expiation for the oath? May Allah reward you.
Answer:
Yes, guaranteeing is a contract and a kindness and benefit for the Muslims, an expansion of ease for the Muslims, especially for one who is in need and is unable to obtain land or a loan except with a guarantor. This is helping in good and helping in benefit. Allah the Exalted said:
And cooperate in righteousness and piety
وَتَعَاوَنُوا عَلَى الْبِرِّ وَالتَّقْوَىٰAnd Allah is engaged in helping the worshipper as long as the worshipper is engaged in helping his brother.
الله في عون العبد ما كان العبد في عون أخيهBecause this is an oath to leave off doing good. And the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said:
By Allah, I may take an oath to do something, but on finding something else which is better, I do that which is better and make the expiation for my oath.
صلى الله عليه وسلم إني والله لا أحلف على يمين فأرى غيرها خيرا منها، إلا أتيت الذي هو خير وكفرت عن يميني،And do not make [your oath by] Allah an excuse against being righteous and fearing Allah and making peace among people
وَلَا تَجْعَلُوا اللَّهَ عُرْضَةً لِّأَيْمَانِكُمْ أَن تَبَرُّوا وَتَتَّقُوا وَتُصْلِحُوا بَيْنَ النَّاسِ
Source
قناة «العلامة الدكتور صالح الفوزان»، 4053- ما النصيحة لمن حلف ألا يكفل أحدا حتى يريح نفسه من المشاكل المحتملة؟ - الشيخ صالح الفوزان — youtube.com
The Arabic text is a machine transcription of the audio recording.